Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
Oct.,  1886. 
Leaves  of  Juglans  Nigra. 
471 
gen  sulphide  by  boiling.  The  filtrate  was  then  tested  for  glucosides 
but  none  were  found.  Various  tests  seemed  to  indicate  the  presence 
of  an  alkaloid  but  the  precipitates  given  were  due  I  suppose  to  tannin. 
Certainly  agitation  with  petroleum  spirit,  benzol  and  chloroform 
failed  to  bring  to  notice  either  an  amorphous  or  crystalline  residue. 
The  portion  of  ether  residue  insoluble  in  water  was  treated  with  abso- 
lute alcohol.  Nearly  all  was  soluble  in  cold  absolute  alcohol  and  the 
part  remaining  dissolved  on  boiling.  The  portion  of  ether  residue  in 
water  and  cold  absolute  alcohol  was  not  dissolved  by  aqueous  nor  by 
alcoholic  solutions  of  potassium  hydroxide. 
The  ether  extract  was  composed  of  chlorophyll,  tannin  and  resin. 
The  material  left  after  the  extraction  was  dried  at  the  ordinary  tem- 
perature until  the  ether  odor  had  nearly  disappeared,  and  then  absolute 
alcohol  was  added.  Absolute  alcohol  removed  10.20  per  cent,  by  hot 
extraction.  .70  per  cent,  of  this  was  ash,  giving  an  organic  extract  ot 
9.50  per  cent.  Cold  maceration  took  out  8.58  per  cent.  Extract 
was  fluorescent  and  acid  in  reaction.  The  residue  was  a  sticky,  black, 
amorphous  solid,  and  had  the  odor  of  fresh  leather.  Part  of  the 
residue  was  soluble  in  water.  Tannin  was  found  in  this.  A  measured 
quantity  was  precipitated  by  lead  acetate.  An  equal  amount  of  fresh 
portion  by  acetate  of  copper.  The  lead  threw  down  more  matter  than 
the  copper.  This  looked  as  though  something  besides  tannin  was  present. 
In  testing  for  alkaloids  only  those  tests  gave  reactions  that  would  have 
done  so  by  reason  of  the  presence  of  tannin.  The  water  solution  from 
the  alcoholic  residue  was  acidified  with  sulphuric  acid,  and  successively 
shaken  with  petroleum,  benzol  and  chloroform.  After  the  chloroform 
had  been  removed  by  petroleum,  the  solution  was  made  alkaline 
and  shaken  as  before.  The  alcoholic  residue  that  was  left  after  treat- 
ment with  water,  was  treated  with  water  acidified  by  sulphuric  acid 
and  agitated  as  before.  Microscopic  crystals  appeared  in  all  the  resi- 
dues. These  were  examined  with  much  interest.  Even  if  these 
minute  crystals  have  nothing  to  do  with  alkaloids  or  glucosides,  they 
are  not  therefore  to  be  despised.  Have  they  not  in  times  past  kept  up 
the  courage  of  the  investigator  longing  to  discover  a  new  alkaloid 
while  he  went  through  the  tedious  process  of  searching  for  it  ?  Besides 
these  .001  m  m  diameter  crystals,  there  were  others  that  could  be  readily 
seen  by  the  naked  eye.  They  were  obtained  from  the  aqueous  solution 
by  agitation  with  acid  petroleum  spirit,  and  were  accompanied  by  color- 
ing matter.      This  amorphous  and  crystalline  residue,  blackened 
