Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
Oct.,  1886. 
Leaves  of  Juglans  Nigra. 
473 
water  extracts  contained  mucilage,  glucose,  organic  acids  and  allied 
substances  and  albuminoids. 
Dilute  caustic  soda  solution  was  applied  to  the  residue  after  extrac- 
tion with  water.  Whole  caustic  soda  residue  equalled  12.20  per  cent., 
ash  7.40  per  cent.,  organic  residue  equalled  4.80  per  cent. ;  both  extract 
and  residue  were  brown  in  color  and  odorless.  A  measured  portion  of 
the  extract  was  acidified  with  acetic  acid,  90  per  cent,  alcohol  added 
and  this  was  allowed  to  stand  twenty-four  hours.  .80  per  cent,  mucila- 
ginous substance,  albuminoids  and  ash  were  found.  The  filtrate  from 
this  precipitate  was  evaporated  to  dryness,  and  a  substance  almost 
entirely  soluble  in  water,  but  not  precipitate  by  alcohol,  was  found. 
Nitrogen  was  present  in  this  substance.  The  alkaline  extraction  showed 
mucilaginous  substances  and  albuminoids. 
After  one  washing,  very  dilute  hydrochloric  acid  was  added  to 
residue.  It  extracted  14.82  per  cent.,  5.32  per  cent,  of  which  was  ash, 
and  9.50  per  cent,  organic  matter.  The  amounts  of  starch  and  calcium 
oxalate  which  the  microscope  had  shown  to  be  present,  were  not  obtained. 
The  residual  powder  was  bleached  with  chlorine  water  to  extract 
lignin,  etc.;  cellulose,  etc.,  remaining. 
Summary : 
I. — The  quantative  results  were  as  follows  : 
a.  From  Ten  grams  by  Hot  Extraction.  b.    From  Fifty  grams  and  Cold  Ma- 
Moisture,  8.45  per  cent.  ceration. 
Ash,  8.49      "  Organic  Petroleum  Spirit 
Organic  Petroleum  Spirit  Extract, ...  3.00  per  cent. 
Extract,...  3.50      "  "   Ether,  "  3.66  " 
"   Ether,  "  8.50      "  "   Absolute  Alcohol 
"   Absolute  Alcohol  Extract  8.58  " 
Extract,..  9.50  " 
"   Water,  "  12.50 
«    Alkaline,...."   4.80 
i,    Acid,  "   9.50 
Total,  65.64 
Comparison  of  these  results  shows  that  as  far  as  the  work  was 
carried,  cold  maceration  gave  a  smaller  extraction  than  hot.  This  was, 
probably,  mainly  due  to  a  difference  in  the  amount  of  chlorophyll 
taken  out.  Hot  extraction  tending  to  throw  the  chlorophyll  forward. 
More  time  for  cold  extraction  would  have  increased  the  amount  of 
extract,  doubtless,  for  when  at  the  end  of  each  extraction  a  new  portion 
