Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
May,  1906. 
London  Botanic  Gardens. 
231 
quarter,  with  their  names  and  uses.  The  last  Wednesday  in  each 
of  the  above  months  has  been  usually  appropriated  to  this  service, 
beginning  at  nine  of  the  clock  in  the  morning. 
"         He  is  yearly  to  prepare  fifty  dried  specimens  from  plants, 
growing  in  the  Society's  garden  at  Chelsea,  which  are  to  be  pre- 
sented to  the  Royal  Society,  by  direction  of  the  late  Sir  Hans  Sloane, 
Bart,  having  been  first  approved  by  the  Court  of  Assistants  of  this 
Society.  Also  to  dry  twenty  other  specimens,  in  lieu  ot  so  many 
plants  which  shall  be  found  decayed  in  the  collection  of  the  late 
Mr.  Rand,  now  in  the  library  at  Chelsea.  These  to  be  placed  in  the 
said  Herbarium  before  the  first  day  of  May  in  every  year,  and  there 
will  be  fifty  shillings  paid  him  for  every  such  service,  by  appoint- 
ment in  the  will  of  the  late  Mrs.  Rand." 
The  rules  of  1773,  with  the  exception  of  the  last-mentioned 
paragraph,  do  not  seem  to  have  undergone  any  alteration  until  the 
election  of  James  Lowe  Wheeler  as  Demonstrator  and  Prcefectus  in 
1 82 1,  when  some  slight  amplifications  were  introduced.  The 
Demonstrator  was  required,  as  in  the  minute  of  1773,  to  give 
demonstrations  in  the  garden  on  the  last  Wednesday  of  each  sum- 
mer month,  but  it  was  further  stipulated  that  he  should  on  each  such 
occasion,  or  on  other  occasions  if  so  directed,  employ  some  time  "  in 
explaining  to  the  students  the  systems  of  Botany,  both  Sexual  and 
Natural,  as  taught  by  Linnaeus  and  Jussieu ;  together  with  the  prin- 
ciples of  vegetable  life,  and  the  Structure,  Physiology,  and  Medical 
Virtues  of  Plants,  their  Natural  Climate,  the  alterations  produced 
by  culture,  and  the  parts  of  them  employed  whether  medicinally  or 
as  food  for  man  and  other  animals.''  With  the  exception  of  a  few 
other  suggestions,  however,  the  new  instructions  were  substantially 
the  same  as  the  old  ones.  But  a  new  order  of  things  was  being 
created  by  the  Act  of  181 5,  in  that  membership  was  not  incumbent 
upon  the  new  licentiates  of  the  Society,  and  these  unaffiliated  licen- 
tiates, as  well  as  students  preparing  themselves  for  the  license,  were 
rapidly  increasing  in  numbers.  The  demonstrations  and  herboriz- 
ings,  however,  were  confined  to  members  or  their  apprentices,  so 
that  this  growing  class  of  students  and  qualified  non-members  was 
placed  at  a  considerable  disadvantage.  The  advisability  of  remedy- 
ing this  state  of  things  gradually  impressed  itself  on  the  members 
of  the  Garden  Committee,  and,  in  1829,  it  was  suggested  by  them 
that  the  garden  might  be  made  more  useful  to  the  profession  gen- 
