Am-£^-1ggfrm-}  London  Botanic  Gardens.  235 
intimately  connected  with  the  administration  of  the  garden,  and  a 
short  account  of  the  steps  taken  by  the  Society  in  this  direction  will 
form  a  fitting  prelude  to  the  next  section  of  our  subject,  namely, 
the  Botanical  work  accomplished  in  the  garden.  Prizes  in  Botany 
were  offered  by  the  Society  to  their  apprentices  at  least  as  early  as 
1789,  but  it  was  not  until  1830  that  the  scope  of  the  examinations 
in  Botany  and  Materia  Medica  was  extended  so  as  to  include  ex- 
ternal students.  The  recommendations  of  the  Garden  Committee 
adopted  in  1829  have  already  been  considered  in  some  detail  in 
connection  with  the  duties  of  the  Demonstrator  of  Plants.  The 
following  clauses  relating  to  the  examination  of  candidates  and  to 
the  awarding  of  prizes  complete  the  main  provisions  of  the  report 
in  question : 
"  That  in  order  to  give  encouragement  to  diligence  and  talent, 
there  be  an  annual  examination  of  such  students  as  may  think 
proper  to  become  candidates  for  the  prizes  intended  to  be  given  on 
these  occasions.  The  examinations  to  be  upon  some  or  all  of  the 
subjects  stated  in  the  foregoing  series  of  lectures  (see  pp.  232,  233), 
as  well  as  upon  their  skill  in  the  nomenclature  of  plants.  No 
person  to  be  admitted  a  candidate  who  has  not  attended  these 
lectures  and  demonstrations  at  least  eighteen  days  in  one  summer, 
or  thirty  days  in  two  succeeding  summers,  nor  shall  any  prize  be 
awarded  unless  his  examination  be  performed  to  the  complete  satis- 
faction of  the  examiner  or  examiners  for  the  time  being. 
"  To  prevent  partiality  or  undue  preference,  no  public  professor  or 
lecturer  whose  pupils  are  admitted  to  the  Garden  can  be  appointed 
an  examiner. 
"  The  apprentices  to  Members  of  the  Society  having  an  annual 
Opportunity  of  being  candidates  for  prizes  upon  the  ancient  establish- 
ment, cannot  be  admitted  candidates  on  these  occasions  either  during 
the  period  of  their  apprenticeship,  or  subsequently  to  the  conclusion 
of  it. 
"  That  two  medals,  the  one  being  of  gold  of  ten  guineas  value, 
and  the  other  of  silver  or  bronze,  be  annually  awarded  to  the  two 
candidates  who  shall  have  passed  the  best  and  second  best  examina- 
tion in  manner  hereinbefore  mentioned,  but  no  medal  to  be  given 
unless  in  the  opinion  of  the  examiner  or  examiners  the  candidate 
shall  be  deemed  deserving  of  it." 
The  recommendations  were  adopted,  and,  in  conformity  with 
