Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
January,  1905. 
The  Anatomy  of  Edible  Berries. 
25 
Macroscopic  Structure. — Different  varieties  of  the  cultivated  cran- 
berry vary  in  shape  (spherical,  oval,  pear-shaped),  in  color  (pink, 
red,  maroon,  mottled),  and  in  size  (diameter  up  to  15  millimeters). 
The  epicarp  is  smooth,  and  bears  on  the  summit  four  short  tooth- 
like calyx  lobes,  which  are  usually  bent  inward.  Between  the  calyx 
lobes  is  a  circular  spot  with  a  dot  in  the  centre,  formed  by  the  drop- 
ping of  the  floral  parts. 
Fig.  28. — Cranberry.  Epicarp 
and  hypoderm.    X  160. 
Fig.  29. — Cranberry.    Endocarp  with 
The  berry  is  four-celled,  each  cell  containing  on  a  central  placenta 
a  number  of  seeds  which  fill  only  a  small  part  of  the  otherwise 
empty  cavity  {Fig.  2J). 
In  the  nearly  ripe  fruit  only  the  epicarp  is  colored,  the  other  parts 
being  white ;  but  in  the  fully  ripe  fruit  all  the  tissues  are  usually  red. 
The  yellow  short-beaked  seeds  have  a  thick  testa  and  a  bulky 
endosperm,  with  an  elongated  embryo  of  moderate  size,  consisting 
chiefly  of  the  radicle,  in  the  axis. 
The  mountain  cranberry  has  practically  the  same  macroscopic 
structure  as  the  cultivated  species,  but  is  much  smaller. 
Histology. — The  following  description  applies  to  both  the  culti- 
