A^ua?yPih9o.5m'}       The  Anatomy  of  Edible  Berries.  29 
'seeds.  Isolated  stone  cells  detached  by  cooking  from  the  testa  of 
immature  seeds,  sometimes  occur  in  the  gelatinous  portion  of  the 
preserve. 
the  huckleberry  (Gaylussacia  resinosa  Torr.  and  Gray). 
This  berry  is  abundant  in  the  northern  United  States,  and  furnishes 
large  quantities  of  fruit  for  the  market.  So  far  as  the  writer  can 
learn,  it  is  not  cultivated;  but  some  of  the  blueberries  (Vaccinium), 
which  are  closely  allied  botanically  and  are  similar  in  appearance 
and  flavor,  are  now  being  improved  by  Munson1  at  the  Maine  Agri- 
cultural Experiment  Station. 
Macroscopic  Structure.— -The  huckleberry  is  globular  in  form, 
blue-black  in  color,  and  1  centimeter  or  less  in  diameter  {Fig.  33, 
I  and  II). 
It  is  not  a  true  berry,  but  a  ten-celled  drupe,  the  hard  coverings 
of  the  so-called  seeds  being  the  inner  walls  of  the  pericarp  cells. 
The  epicarp  is  smooth  and  the  fruit  is  crowned  with  five  pointed 
calyx  lobes  much  like  those  of  the  cranberry.  In  the  centre,  between 
these  lobes,  is  a  small  depression,  the  scar  of  the  style. 
The  pits  are  closely  crowded  about  the  axis  and  as  a  consequence 
are  wedge-shaped  {Fig,  jj,  III  and  IV).  Under  the  hand  lens  they 
have  a  rough  granular  appearance. 
Within  the  thick  endocarp  is  the  seed  with  a  thin  testa  and  a  bulky 
endosperm  ;  in  the  axis  of  the  endosperm  is  an  elongated  embryo. 
Histology. — Pericarp. — (1)  Epidermis  {Fig.  33,  epi). — Surface 
mounts  show  the  cells  of  this  layer  to  be  much  the  same  in  form 
and  size  as  those  of  the  cranberry  epicarp  ;  cross-sections,  however, 
show  that  the  cuticle  is  much  thinner. 
(2)  The  Hypodermal  Coat  (Fig.  34.,  hy)  is  several  cell-layers 
thick,  and  thus  furnishes  a  protection  against  evaporation,  which  is 
not  necessary  in  the  case  of  the  cranberry  owing  to  its  thick  cuticle. 
(3)  Mesocarp  (Fig.  34.,  mes). — Owing  to  the  presence  of  numerous 
stone  cells  (st)  this  layer  is  strikingly  different  from  the  mesocarp 
of  the  other  small  fruits  investigated,  but  resembles  that  of  the 
quince  and  pear,  although  the  stone  cells  are  thinner  walled  and  the 
parenchyma  cells  about  them  are  not  strongly  elongated,  and  are 
1  Maine  Ag.  Bx.  Sta.  Rep.  1898,  164-172.  Bui.  76,  August,  1901.  Am.  Gard. 
20,  1899,  852. 
