Am  ja°"18^rm' }  Gleanings  from  the  German  Journals.  2 1 
GLEANINGS  FROM  THE  GERMAN  JOURNALS. 
By  Louis  von  Cotzhausen,  Ph.G. 
Chrysophanic  Acid  from  Senna. — After  reviewing  the  different 
investigations  on  chrysophanic  acid,  E.  T.  Leussler  states  that  the 
chrysophanic  acid  obtained  from  senna  leaves  together  with  emodin,  is 
identical  with  that  found  in  rhubarb,  and  that  frangulic  acid  is  neither 
identical  with  emodin  nor  with  the  chrysophanic  acid  of  senna  and 
rhubarb. — Pharm.  Ztschr.f.  RussL,  1878,  p.  257,  289,321  and  353. 
New  Process  for  Removing  all  Albumen  from  Animal 
Liquids. — Hofmeister  removes  first  the  greater  bulk  of  albumen  in 
the  ordinary  manner,  precipitating  it  by  cautiously  adding  acid  to  the 
boiling  liquid.  He  then  adds  hydrate  of  lead  to  the  filtrate,  continues 
to  boil  for  several  minutes,  refilters,  removes  the  disssolved  lead  from 
the  filtrate  by  sulphuretted  hydrogen  and  the  excess  of  the  latter  again 
by  boiling,  when  no  trace  of  albumen  can  be  found  in  the  liquid  by 
the  most  delicate  reagents.  If  the  original  solution  contains  sulphates 
or  phosphates  in  large  quantities,  it  is  advisable  to  add  a  few  drops  of  a 
solution  of  acetate  of  lead  before  boiling  with  lead  hydrate  to  prevent 
the  retention  of  a  small  quantity  of  albumen  in  the  shape  of  albumi- 
nates.—  Chem.  Centralbl.)  Oct.  2,  1878,  p.  635. 
Volatile  Acids  of  Croton  Oil.— After  referring  to  the  researches 
made  by  Th.  Schlippe  and  Geuther  and  Froehlich,  E.  Schmidt  and 
Dr.  Berendes  confirm  the  analysis  of  the  latter,  who  claims  that  the 
liquid  volatile  acids  are  formic,  acetic,  butyric,  valerianic  acid  and  the 
higher  members  of  the  oleic  series,  while  the  solid  acid  is  tiglinic  acid, 
H2C5H702,  isomeric,  but  not  identical  with  angelicic  acid.  The 
average  total  yield  from  one  pound  of  croton  oil  is  about  1 1  grams  of 
-crude  acids.  Comparative  experiments  made  with  tiglinic  acid  and  the 
methyl-crotonic  acid  of  Frankland  and  Duppa,  prove  that  they  possess 
the  same  properties  and  are  probably  identical. — Archiv  d.  Pharm.,  Sept., 
1878,  p.  213. 
Mineral  Constituents  of  Horseradish. — A.  Hilger  reports  that 
100  parts  of  the  ashes  of  the  root  of  Cochlearia  armoracia  consist  of 
10-  57  ^me>  3'9r  magnesia,  o*2i  soda,  41*47  potassa,  0*95  oxide  of 
iron,  1  -58  hydrochloric  acid,  16*49  sulphuric  acid,  11*62  carbonic  acid, 
11-  52  phosphoric  acid  and  1*48  silicic  acid. —  Cbsm.  Centralbl.,  Sept.  18, 
2878,  p.  597,  from  Landw.  Vers.  St. 
