456  Walnut  Leaves  and  Extract  of  Walnut  Leaves.  {Amkl™;$%^ 
wood  or  leather,  it  is  diluted  with  a  solution  of  15  parts  shellac  in  800 
parts  alcohol,  instead  of  the  aqueous  solution. — Pharm.  Centralh.,  1879, 
p.  279. 
Cheap  logwood  copying-ink  is  made  by  Fehr  by  boiling  35  grams 
extract  logwood  with  1  kilogram  of  weak  vinegar  until  dissolved,  allow- 
ing the  mixture  to  cool,  and  adding  20  grams  ferrous  sulphate,  10 
grams  alum,  16  grams  gum  arabic,  32  grams  sugar,  and  2  grams  gly- 
cerin.— Ibid. 
WALNUT  LEAVES  AND  THE  EXTRACT  OF  WALNUT 
LEAVES. 
By  C.  Govaerts. 
Preparations  of  the  walnut  (Juglans  regia,  L.),  after  having  enjoyed 
in  France  the  popularity  often  gained  by  recently  introduced  medicines, 
are  not  much  now  employed.  Experience  has  demonstrated,  however, 
that  the  walnut  may  be  classed  among  the  plants  most  useful  in  medi- 
cine. The  author  quotes  various  authorities  who  speak  highly  of  its 
antiscrofulous  properties. 
The  Belgian  Codex  includes  an  extract  of  the  dry  leaves,  and  the 
extract  enters  into  the  composition  of  the  "  Sirop  de  Vanier,"  a  pre- 
paration largely  used.  The  author's  experiments  have  been  directed  to 
ascertaining  whether  this  extract  represents  the  maximum  of  the  active 
principles  contained  in  the  leaves  and  what  are  the  conditions  that  may 
influence  the  quantity  of  these  principles  in  the  leaves  and  in  the 
extract. 
The  leaves  of  the  walnut  contain  principally  chlorophyll,  tannin,  a 
volatile  aromatic  principle  and  an  acrid  bitter  matter  (juglandiri)  found 
more  specially  in  the  green  husk  and  the  epiderm  of  the  seed.  Distilled 
in  the  fresh  state,  the  leaves  yield  a  rather  aromatic  limpid  water,  neu- 
tral to  litmus  paper. 
The  fresh  juice  is  green,  but  upon  being  heated  it  abandons  its  chlo- 
rophyll and  at  the  same  time  becomes  sensibly  darker  in  color. 
In  drying,  the  leaves  lose  50  to  55  per  cent,  of  their  weight,  but  without 
sensibly  altering  in  color  or  taste.    The  petioles  only  turn  brown. 
These  leaves  cannot  be  collected  according  to  the  general  rule, 
at  the  commencement  of  the  flowering,  for  at  that  time  they  have 
scarcely  issued  from  the  buds  and  are  far  from  possessing  the  desired 
properties. 
