Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  \ 
March.  1888.  / 
Editorial. 
151 
apparatus  of  all  kinds;  3.  shop  furniture,  utensils  and  models;  4.  vegetable 
drugs;  5.  animal  drugs ;  6.  mineral  drugs  and  chemical  products;  7.  simple  gale- 
nicals, like  waters,  confections,  extracts  and  plasters  in  bulk  and  spread ;  8. 
compound  preparations,  like  capsules,  pearls,  lozenges,  pills,  wines,  tinctures, 
elixirs,  etc. 
A  number  of  problems  have  been  selected,  for  the  elaboration  and  solution 
of  which  special  rewards  and  premiums  will  be  awarded.  Among  these  the 
following  may  be  specially  mentioned :  3.  The  best,  most  stable  and  economical 
ferruginous  medicament,  of  easy  preparation,  for  use  in  anaemia;  4.  study  of  the 
derivation, preparation,  characterization,  quantitative  examination  and  preser- 
vation of  extracts;  5.  retrospective  exhibition,  showing  the  influence  of  phar- 
maceutical and  chemical  progress  on  medicine;  6.  the  most  favorable  vehicles 
for  medicines,  considering  rational  preparation,  preservation  and  influence  on 
absorption ;  7.  the  efi'ects  of  desiccation  on  the  active  principles  of  plants ;  8.  nutri- 
tive value  and  modes  of  preparation  of  peptones,  meat  extracts,  and  other  ali- 
mentary and  nutritive  substances ;  12.  best  and  mostcompletecollectionof  anti- 
septics; 14.  apparatus  for  sugar-coating  pills  on  the  small  scale;  15.  rotatory 
apparatus  for  making  a  limited  number  of  pills  (about  20),  and  capable  to 
furnish  about  3  kilos  of  pills  per  hour;  16.  a  cheap  apparatus  for  evaporating 
without  contact  with  air;  18.  best  drug  mill ;  20.  lozenge  apparatus,  turning  out 
one  kilo  of  lozenges,  with  the  name  of  the  pharmacist,  the  price  not  to  exceed 
100  francs  ;  21.  the  alkaloidal  strength  of  narcotic  extracts  prepared  from  fresh 
and  from  dried  plants ;  22.  the  microscopic  structure,  chemical  composition  and 
sophistication  of  articles  of  food.  Other  problems  relate  to  fire-damp,  fruit 
syrups,  oleomargarin,  the  microscope,  etc. 
Collections  intended  for  exhibition  are  required  to  be  delivered  at  the  ex- 
hibition building  on  or  before  April  15 ;  the  opening  of  the  exhibition  has  been 
fixed  for  May  1st.   
The  chromate  of  lead  poisoning  to  which  we  referred  in  our  issues  for  August 
and  October  last,  has  been  before  the  criminal  court  on  January  27th.  The 
baker,  G.  M.  Palmer,  was  in  five  indictments,  charged  with  selling  adulterated 
cakes  and  buns,  and  with  involuntary  manslaughter.  With  the  consent  of  the 
district  attorney  and  the  presiding  judge,a  plea  of  guilty  of  selling  adulterated  food 
was  entered,,  and  to  the  charge  of  involuntary  manslaughter  a  plea  of  "  nolo  con- 
tendere," or  of  unwillingness  to  contend,  which  in  efiect  is  a  plea  of  guilty  for 
the  particular  case,  but  legally  is  not  taken  as  a  confession  of  guilt  for  any  other 
purpose  or  proceeding.  In  the  defendant's  testimony  it  was  stated  that  he  had 
been  in  business  for  himself  for  twenty -five  years ;  first  had  dealings  for  a  yel- 
low stufi"  in  1852  with  G.  W.  Millett,  a  salesman ;  did  not  know  its  nature,  and 
used  it  only  for  giving  the  cakes  a  rich  yellow  color,  but  not  to  save  eggs ;  his 
first  wife  and  three  children  died  in  1884,  and  two  other  children  in  1885  and 
1886.  Judge  Finletter,  in  sentencing  the  defendant,  took  into  consideration 
his  evident  ignorance  of  the  injurious  character  of  the  coloring  matter,  his  peni- 
tence as  evinced  by  his  disclosures,  and  the  ruin  in  health,  in  business  and  in 
family.  The  sentence  for  selling  adulterated  food  was  six  months  imprison- 
ment, and  three  months  additional  for  involuntary  manslaughter.  Subsequently 
the  ~  judge  reduced  the  total  imprisonment  to  three  months.  Another  baker, 
Fred.  Schmidt,  pleaded  guilty  to  the  charge  of  adulteration  of  food  in  having 
used  "  egg  coloring  "  for  his  cakes,  and  was  sentenced  to  imprisonment  for  six 
