440     Grindelia  Robusta  and  Grindelia  Squarrosa.  {^"^sSt.as^s*'^'"* 
VII.  DETERMINATION  OF  LIGNIN  AND  CELLULOSE. 
The  lignin  was  estimated  by  maceration  with  chlorine  water.  G. 
robusta  3*40  per  cent.,  G.  squarrosa  5*71  per  cent. 
The  residue  was  macerated  with  nitric  acid  and  potassium  chlorate. 
G.  robusta,  intercellular  substance,  &c.,  30-24%;  sand,  cellulose,  &c.,  12  53%. 
G.  squarrosa,       "  "         "   25'44        "         "        "  15-02 
YIII.  ESTIMATION  OF  MOISTURE  AND  ASH. 
G.  robusta,  moisture  11-12  per  cent.,  ash  7-77  per  cent. 
G.  squarrosa,     "       117     "       "      "    5-22  " 
A  qualitative  analysis  of  the  ash  showed  the  presence  of  potassium, 
sodium,  calcium,  magnesium  and  iron  as  bases,  and  sulphuric,  hydro- 
chloric, carbonic  and  phosphoric  acids. 
Not  having  been  able  to  verify  Dr.  Rademaker's  results,  I  exhausted 
1  lb.  of  Grindelia  robusta  with  75  per  cent,  alcohol  and  made  a  care- 
ful analysis  according  to  his  process,  the  results  corresponding  with  my 
previous  work.  The  substance  which  was  extracted  for  "  alkaloid  " 
when  treated  with  distilled  water  gave  a  neutral  reaction ;  on  adding 
one  drop  of  water  acidulated  with  sulphuric  acid  (1:500)  the  solution 
was  rendered  permanently  acid.  It  was  then  tested,  before  and  after 
boiling,  with  dilute  acid  and  found  to  be  a  glucoside.  The  substance 
which  came  out  as  "organic  acid,^'  was  of  acid  reaction,  did  not  neu- 
tralize barium  carbonate,  and  also  reduced  Fehling's  solution  after 
boiling  with  dilute  acid,  corresponding  to  the  properties  of  the  saponin- 
like  body  .before  referred  to,  andevidently  identical  with  it. 
•Note  by  the  Editor. — The  Pharmaceutical  Era,  June,  contains 
an  analysis  of  Grindelia  robusta  by  John  L.  Fischer,  the  results  of 
which,  compared  with  those  of  Mr.  Clark,  are  as  follows : 
Clark. 
Fischer. 
  8-87 
8-50 
  4-02 
10-05 
Alcohol  extract  
  2-04 
6-00 
Water  extract  
  12-16 
13-05 
  5-68 
  217 
2-02 
  3-40 
  30-24  [■ 
47-00 
  12-53  3 
Moisture  
  11-12 
11-08 
Ash  
