72  Next  Steps  in  Botanical  Science.  {A3tbJ^f^5BT- 
the  state  experiment  stations  and  by  large  private  establishments 
engaged  in  beet  growing,  cane  growing,  fruit  growing,  potato 
growing,  hop  growing,  etc.,  and  it  will  be  the  duty  of  the  teachers 
of  botany  to  produce  an  adequate  supply  of  such  botanical  experts. 
But  while  the  community  is  certain  to  increase  its  demand  for 
botanical  experts  we  must  not  overlook  the  fact  that  with  this 
demand  will  come  another,  much  more  imperative,  for  men  of 
far  greater  breadth  and  depth  of  knowledge,  who  in  addition  to 
training  the  botanical  experts  of  various  kinds  for  the  community, 
are  able  to  bring  the  science  as  a  whole  before  the  youth  of  the 
land  as  a  part  of  the  scientific  culture  which  modern  society  re- 
quires. These  must  be  men  of  the  broadest  training;  men  whose 
sympathies  are  not  bounded  by  the  one  science  which  they  know, 
much  less  by  one  phase  of  botanical  science ;  men  who,  knowing 
well  their  one  science,  know  also  much  of  the  related  sciences ; 
men  who  in  addition  to  a  knowledge  of  science  bring  to  their 
students  and  their  community  the  results  of  that  broader  view 
which  relates  botany  to  the  life  and  activities  of  the  community. 
Such  men  bear  the  name  of  botanists  worthily,  and  justify  the 
contention  of  scientific  men  that  science  may  contribute  more 
than  material  good  to  the  community.  These  are  Lord  Bacon's 
"  Lamps,"  and  "  Interpreters  of  Nature." 
And  my  vision  is  by  no  means  unrealizable.  Already  among 
botanists  there  are  those  who  measure  up  to  this  ideal.  Already 
there  are  those  who  to  a  wide  and  deep  knowledge  of  plants  add 
that  breadth  of  culture  that  brings  them  into  sympathetic  relations 
with  the  company  of  scholars  throughout  the  world.  As  I  speak 
these  words  there  will  come  to  you  the  names  of  those  of  our 
number  who  are  known  and  honored  as  botanists,  but  whose 
beneficent  influence  extends  far  beyond  the  limits  of  their  science. 
And  I  am  confident  that  this  high  standard,  now  reached  by  some, 
will  be  demanded  for  all  by  the  community  of  the  future.  Such 
botanists  will  be  the  leaders  of  their  students,  guiding  wisely  their 
early  steps  in  science;  they  will  be  the  leaders  of  the  experts  whose 
results  they  will  be  able  to  relate  to  other  parts  of  the  botanical 
field ;  and  they  will  be  the  leaders  of  the  community,  not  only  in 
the  applications  of  botany  to  the  solution  of  material  problems,  but 
in  a  larger  and  nobler  manner  they  will  be  able  to  help  them  in 
the  higher  things  that  make  for  culture  and  spiritual  uplift. 
The  Teaching  Institutions. — Turning  now  to  the  institutions  of 
