Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  ) 
July,  1913.  J 
Phylacogens. 
309 
immunity  to  a  given  infectious  disease.  Phylacogen6  are  new 
process  bacterial  derivatives  prepared  by  Parke,  Davis  &  Company 
according  to  a  method  originated  by  Dr.  A.  F.  Schafer  and  used  in 
the  treatment  of  infectious  diseases. 
Preparation  of  Phylacogens. 
Phylacogens  are  neither  "  bacterial  vaccines  "  nor  "  sera  "  as 
ordinarily  understood.  They  are  sterile  aqueous  solutions  of 
metabolic  substances  or  derivatives  generated  by  bacteria  grown 
in  artificial  media. 
The  Phylacogens  are  made  from  a  lage  number  of  species 
of  the  well  known  pathogenic  bacteria,  such  as  the  several  Staphy- 
lococci, Streptococcus  pyogenes,  Bacillus  pyocyaneus,  Diplococcus 
pneumoniae,  Bacillus  typhosus,  Bacillus  coli  communis,  Strep- 
tococcus rheumaticus,  Streptococcus  erysipelatis,  etc.  The  various 
organisms  are  present  in  the  material  before  filtration  in  approxi- 
mately equal  proportions.  The  cultures  are  incubated  at  37 0  C.  for 
72  hours  or  longer,  the  bacteria  killed,  after  which  a  preservative 
consisting  of  0.5  per  cent,  of  phenol  is  added  to  the  fluid,  which 
is  then  filtered  through  porcelain.  The  basic  Phylacogen,  made  in 
this  manner,  and  used  in  the  preparation  of  the  several  specific 
Phylacogens,  is  named  Mixed  Infection  Phylacogen."  This 
basic  Phylacogen  is  a  "  polyvalent  "  preparation,  or  Polyphylacogen, 
since  the  organisms  are  not  from  one  strain  only  of  a  given  species, 
but  from  cultures  made  at  frequent  intervals  and  from  a  variety  of 
sources. 
Each  specific  Phylacogen  is  prepared  by  modifying  the  basic 
material  (Mixed  Infection  Phylacogen)  by  the  addition  of  an 
equal  amount  of  the  filtrate  obtained  by  growing  and  treating  the 
organism  considered  to  be  predominant  in  the  pathological  condi- 
tion to  be  treated;  for  instance,  in  the  preparation  of  Rheumatism 
Phylacogen,  the  Streptoccoccus  Rheumaticus  is  grown  and  treated 
similarly  to  the  several  organisms  entering  into  the  preparation  of 
the  basic  Phylacogen.  The  filtrate  obtained  from  the  preparation 
of  the  rheumatism  organism  is  added  in  equal  amount  to  the  Mixed 
Infection  Phylacogen,  and  the  resulting  product  given  the  specific 
name  "  Rheumatism  Phylacogen."  A  like  method  is  employed  in 
the  manufacture  of  the  other  specific  Phylacogens,  such  as  Pneu- 
monia, Gonorrhea,  Erysipelas  Phylacogen,  etc. 
