ioo  Plants  Used  as  Insecticides.  {^ebSa^T' 
flies  from  wounds,  occurring  on  cattle  for  instance.  (Flora  Scotica, 
p.  207,  quoted  by  Porcher.) 
Not  infested  by  caterpillars.    (Fernow,  quoted  by  von  Mueller.) 
Philadelphia  coronarius  L.  Hydrangeacece.  Mock  Orange. 
Europe,  cult,  in  U.  S. 
This  is  recommended  as  an  insecticide  all  over  the  South,  for  the 
only  reason,  it  seems,  that  it  is  injurious  to  stock.  Decoction,  in- 
fusion, and  alcoholic  extract  had  no  effect  whatever  on  cotton  worms 
(Aletia).  (Riley.) 
Physalodes  physalodes  (L.)  Brit.  Solanacea.  Synonyms: 
Atropa  Physalodes  L.,  Nicandra  Physaloides  (L.)  Pers.,  Physa- 
lodes peruvianum  Kze.  Apple  of  Peru.  Peru,  cult,  and  adv.  in 
U.  S. 
Used  as  a  fly  poison  in  parts  of  the  United  States.  (Pammel.) 
Phytolacca  Americana  L,   Phytolaccacece.   Poke-weed.  Ontario 
and  eastern  U.  S.   Root  =  Phytolacca  U.  S.  P. 
Dr.  Renner,  of  Maryland,  states  that  the  root  in  either  a  fresh 
or  dried  state  is  poisonous  to  cockroaches,  and  that  he  and  his 
neighbors  have  used  it  with  good  effect.  (Glover,  Rept.  U.  S.  Com- 
missioner Agr.,  1874,  p.  133.) 
Riley  reports  results  by  his  assistants  as  follows :  "  Decoction  of 
leaves  and  berries ;  also  alcoholic  extract  from  the  dried  root.  No 
result."  (R.  W.  Jones.)  "I  did  not  obtain  any  effect  with  the  de- 
coction prepared  by  Messrs.  Jones  and  Roane,  but  a  very  small 
quantity  prepared  by  Professor  Barnard  had  a  decided  effect,  kill- 
ing the  young  worms  and  seriously  affecting  the  older  ones.  It  was 
applied  undiluted,  by  means  of  a  hand  atomizer.  The  extract  acted 
upon  contact  in  a  very  short  time,  the  young  worms  falling  in  con- 
vulsions of  short  duration  before  dying.  The  old  worms  had  all 
recovered  the  second  day.  Professor  Barnard  afterwards  told  me 
that  this  extract  was  a  very  strong  one."    (E.  A.  Schwartz.) 
Picraena  excelsa  Lindl.  (Kew).    Synonyms:  Quassia  polygama 
Linds.,  Picrasma  excelsa  Planch,  Simaruba  excelsa  DC,  Quassia 
excelsa  Swz.    Jamaica  Quassia.    West  Indies. 
The  use  of  quassia  wood  as  an  insecticide  is  well  known. 
Picrasma  ailanthoides  Planch.    Simarubacea?.    Nigaki  of  Japan. 
Decoction  of  the  bark  used  to  kill  lice.  (Batchelor,  quoted  by 
Greshoff.) 
