Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  j 
February,  1919-  * 
Book  Reviews. 
131 
One  of  the  most  striking  chapters  is  that  on  "  The  Fundamental 
Weakness  of  the  German  Trade  Policy,"  which  says  in  part:  . 
"  German  business  principles  and  methods  were  as  much  the  off- 
spring of  autocracy  as  were  the  governmental  policies  of  that  coun- 
try. Just  as  the  naval  and  military  establishments  of  the  Kaiser 
disregarded  all  laws  of  civilization  and  humanity  in  the  prosecution 
of  their  war  aims,  so  German  industry,  supervised  and  directed,  not 
by  independent  individuals  whose  survival  depended  on  their  fitness 
to  serve  society,  but  by  imperial  authority  whose  favor  or  disfavor 
decided  to  a  large  extent  the  average  citizen's  future,  broke  most  of 
the  basic  laws,  of  good  business  and  fair  competition  as  we  under- 
stand them." 
Contrast  the  German  standard  with  that  of  the  American  manu- 
facturer, with  his  fine  idealism,  as  thus  portrayed  by  Vedder : 
"  The  ideal  exporting  manufacturer  is  one  who  regards  himself, 
not  as  a  divinely  appointed  purveyor  to  the  needs  of  other  less  able 
men,  but  as  the  privileged  director  of  facilities  of  production  that  are 
necessary  to  society's  welfare.  He  things  not  so  much  as  his  rights 
as  his  blessings,  not  so  much  of  his  talents  themselves  as  of  what 
they  can  do  for  the  world,  humbly  acknowledging  that  the  qualities 
of  mind  that  make  him  a  leader  are  largely  unearned  blessings  and 
not  a  reason  for  deserved  self-congratulations." 
It  is  not  possible  to  here  detail  the  many  interesting  features  of 
this  work,  such  as  nationalization  of  foreign  trade,  combination  in 
foreign  trade,  export  commission  house,  selling  agent,  manager,  and 
manufacturer,  exportation  of  raw,  staple  and  standardized  products, 
publicity,  salesmanship,  credit,  correspondence,  banks,  investments, 
treaties,  international  crooks,  tariffs,  the  "  Made  in  Germany  "  idea, 
German  competition,  etc.,  but  every  phase  of  these  questions  is  fully 
and  most  ably  discussed. 
To  the  American  manufacturer  who  wishes  to  do  export  trade 
this  book  is  indispensable. 
J.  W.  England. 
Report  of  the  Public  Health  .Service.  . 
The  Annual  Report  of  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  Public  Health 
Service  of  the  United  States  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1918, 
has  just  appeared.  This  is  the  forty-seventh  annual  report  covering 
the  one  hundred  and  twentieth  year  of  the  Service's  existence. 
By  order  of  President  Wilson,  July  1,  1918,  declaring  that  "All 
