AmDec.?i876.rm' }       Alkaloid  obtained  from  Jaborandi.  551 
hydrochloride,  but  all  attempts  to  obtain  crystals  by  concentration  on 
a  water-bath,  or  in  a  vacuum  over  sulphuric  acid,  or  by  spontaneous 
evaporation,  proved  vain. 
In  the  next  experiment  I  took  the  stems  and  twigs  of  jaborandi,  and 
extracted  them  after  they  had  been  cut  up  into  small  fragments,  with 
boiling  water,  until  the  last  extract  contained  no  appreciable  quantity  of 
matter. 
The  extract  was  distilled  to  a  small  bulk,  and  it  was  observed  that 
the  first  few  litres  of  distillate  came  over  milky,  and  that  on  standing 
yellow  oily  drops  deposited.  The  small  quantity  and  its  volatile 
nature  defeated  an  attempt  made  to  isolate  it.  The  concentrated 
water-extract  obtained  as  above  was  treated  with  an  equal  volume  of 
strong  alcohol,  which  threw  down  dark- colored  albuminous  matter, 
&c.  From  the  filtrate  the  whole  of  the  alcohol  was  distilled  ofF,  and  a 
great  part  of  the  water.  The  syrup  of  300  cc.  was  now  extracted 
with  much  ether.  Next  ammonia  was  added,  as  Mr.  Gerrard  stated 
in  a  letter  to  me  that  he  had  found  the  alkaloid  in  the  water  extract 
was  combined  with  an  acid,  and  the  whole  was  again  extracted  with 
ether.  Finally  the  syrup  containing  ammonia  was  extracted  with 
chloroform. 
The  first  ether  extracts  were  strongly  colored  ;  the  after  ones  only 
faintly  ;  the  chloroform  ones  not  at  all.  From  all  these  extracts  the 
solvents  were  distilled,  and  after  many  and  various  unsuccessful 
attempts  to  get  the  residues  combined  separately  in  a  crystalline  form 
with  hydrochloric  acid,  no  sign  of  crystallization  ever  being  obtained, 
all  the  products  were  united,  ammonia  added,  and  the  whole  again 
extracted  by  chloroform.  The  chloroform  extracts  on  distillation  left 
a  colored  aqueous  syrup,  which  was  rendered  strongly  acid  with  nitric 
acid,  and  gave  a  bulky  yellow  precipitate  with  phospho-molybdic  acid. 
This  precipitate  was  passed  through  the  same  treatment  as  that 
described  above  in  the  first  experiment.  The  free  base  was  found  to 
contain  barium,  which  was  removed  exactly  by  very  dilute  sulphuric 
acid,  after  which  the  whole  was  concentrated  to  a  syrup  of  a  pleasant 
nutty  odor.  The  product  was  now  acidified  faintly  with  hydrochloric 
acid,  and  another  attempt  made  to  get  a  crystallization,  both  by  evapo- 
ration on  a  water-bath  and  in  vacuo,  etc.,  but  as  before,  quite  in  vain. 
I  therefore  now  removed  the  hydrochloric  acid  by  dilution  with 
water  and  agitation  with  oxide  of  silver,  and  evaporated  the  filtrate  to 
