VARIETIES. 
179 
one  acquires  it  faster  here  than  at  home.  All  the  principal  German  Chemists 
speak  English  and  French,  and  one  can  pick  up  enough  of  the  German 
language  in  a  few  months  to  understand  lectures,  although  it  takes  at  least 
a  year  to  become  familiar  enough  to  work  well.  The  best  time  for  entering 
the  laboratories  is  the  Winter  half  year,  or  15th  of  October,  but  one  can 
enter  at  any  time." — Eclectic  Medical  Journal,  May  1857. 
Prizes  at  the  Imperial  Academy  of  Sciences  of  France. — The  Academy  has 
decreed  its  Cuvier  prize  to  Prof.  Owen,  for  his  Researches  in  Anatomy  and 
Physiology.  The  prize  for  experimental  Physiology  of  2,000  francs  has 
been  decreed  to  Dr.  Waller,  an  Englishman  settled  at  Bonn,  for  his  re- 
searches on  the  Spinal  Ganglion.  For  his  discovery  of  the  application  of 
amorphous  phosphorus  to  the  manufacture  of  lucifer  matches,  the  Academy 
has  awarded  a  prize  of  2,500  francs  to  M.  Schrotter.  In  the  department  of 
medicine  and  surgery,  the  Montyon  prizes  of  2,000  francs  each  have  been 
awarded  to  Dr.  Simpson  for  the  introduction  of  chloroform  into  surgical 
and  obstetrical  practice  ;  to  M.  Malgaine  for  his  work  on  fractures  and  dis- 
locations ;  to  M.  Jules  Guerin,  for  having  generalized  the  subcutaneous 
method  ;  and  to  M.  Stilling  for  his  microscopical  researches  upon  the  spinal 
cord.  Numerous  other  rewards  of  .1,000  francs  have  been  adjudged,  and 
amongst  others  to  M.  Middeldorpff,  for  the  employment  of  the  electrical 
current  as  a  means  of  cauterization  ;  to  M.  Brown  Sequard  for  his  observa- 
tions upon  the  results  of  lesions  of  the  spinal  marrow  ;  to  M.  Boinetfor  his 
researches  on  iodine  injection  in  disease  of  the  ovary  ;  to  M.  Guillon  for  his 
mode  of  dilating  strictures  of  the  urethra  ;  to  M.  Faux,  for  his  researches 
on  asphyxia ;  and  M.  Philippaux,  for  his  new  views  on  the  action  of  caus- 
tics. The  grand  prize  proposed  by  the  Academy  of  Physical  Sciences  for 
1847,  and  postponed  in  1849,  and  1853,  and  1856,  having  for  its  subject  the 
development  of  the  embryo,  has  now  been  decreed  to  M.  Lereboullet,  of 
Strasburg ;  and  another  grand  prize — subject,  the  distribution  of  organic 
fossils  in  the  tertiary  strata — has  been  decreed  to  M.  Brown,  of  Heidel- 
berg. 
The  next  Alhumbert  prize  of  a  gold  medal,  2,500  francs  in  value,  will  be 
for  the  following  subject :  "  The  fecundation  of  the  ova,  and  the  structure 
of  the  organs  of  generation  in  the  principal  natural  groups  of  the  class  of 
Polypi,  or  of  that  of  the  Acalephse. 
The  Breant  Legacy  of  100,000  francs  has  been  left  for  the  foundation  of 
a  prize,  to  be  decreed  to  whoever  discovers  the  causes  or  the  means  of  cure 
of  the  cholera.  Until  the  prize  is  adjudged,  the  interest  of  the  capital  is  to 
be  given  to  whoever  may  be  deemed  to  have  advanced  our  knowledge  re- 
specting cholera  or  other  epidemic  diseases,  or  to  any  one  who  will  point 
out  the  means  of  radically  curing  dartress. — London  Medical  Times  and 
Gazette,  Feb.  14,  1857,  and  Ohio  Med.  and  Surg.  Journ.,  May,  1857. 
