534 
CINCHONA  BARK  OF  NEW  GRENADA. 
racter  that  would  interfere  with  the  treatment  with  sulphuric  acid. 
By  this  means  the  oil  is  rendered  nearly  colorless,  and  freed  from 
a  strong  penetrating  odor.  After  decanting  off  the  oil  from  the 
alkaline  liquid,  it  is  mixed  with  ten  per  cent,  of  sulphuric  acid, 
in  a  leaden  vessel.  Considerable  elevation  of  temperature  takes 
place,  and  after  a  while  the  oil  is  run  off  into  a  vessel  from  which 
it  is  distilled  by  means  of  a  jet  of  steam,  after  any  adhering 
acid  has  been  neutralized  by  caustic  alkali. 
The  oil  thus  obtained  is  clear,  colorless,  free  from  creosote, 
and  without  unpleasant  smell.  That  which  remains  in  the  dis- 
tillation vessel  is  fit  for  lubricating  purposes,  and  does  not  re- 
quire any  further  treatment. 
The  paraffin  oil  is  in  like  manner  treated  with  alkali  and  acid, 
and  distilled  by  steam.  The  residual  paraffin  mass  is  placed  upon 
a  strainer  connected  with  a  suction  apparatus,  consisting  of  a 
vessel  of  water,  with  a  discharge  pipe  thirty-two  feet  long  at  the 
bottom,  dipping  under  water  at  a  much  lower  level,  and  furnished 
with  a  cock.  By  discharging  the  water,  the  paraffin  is  left  upon 
the  strainer  as  a  pearly  white  dry  mass,  without  smell.  In  or- 
der to  separate  any  remaining  trace  of  oil,  it  may  be  melted, 
mixed  with  ten  per  cent,  of  the  white  oil,  and  after  the  mixture 
has  been  cooled,  the  liquid  portion  may  be  separated  by  pressure. 
London  JPharm.  Jour.,  Sept.  1858. 
CINCHONA  BARK  OF  NEW  GRANADA. 
Hr.  Karsten  states  that,  by  numerous  comparative  analyses  of 
the  yellow  bark  of  Cinchona  lancifolia,  Mut,  as  well  as  grey  Loxa 
bark,  0.  corynibosa  made  upon  the  spot,  he  has  arrived  at  the 
conclusion  that  the  amount  of  organic  bases  in  the  bark  is  sub- 
ject to  great  variations,  according  to  the  place  where  the  trees 
grow,  and  that  this  is  probably  more  the  result  of  differences  of 
climate  than  of  soil.  The  bark  of  0.  lancifolia,  which,  on  the 
average,  yields  2.5  per  cent,  sulphate  of  quinine,  and  from  1  to  1.5 
per  cent,  sulphate  of  cinchonine,  often  yields  neither  alkaloid, 
and  sometimes  yields  4.5  per  cent.  The  bark  of  young  branches  of 
Q.  lancifolia  was  found  not  to  yield  any  alkaloid,  although  the 
bark  of  the  stem  yielded  1.25  per  cent,  sulphate  of  quinine  and 
0.25  per  cent,  sulphate  of  cinchonine. 
