Am.  Jour.  Pharru.  i 
January,  1895.  J 
Abies  Balsamea,  Miller. 
9 
giving  a  view  of  the  plant  and  illustrating  its  floral  structure,  are 
reproduced  herewith. 
DESCRIPTION  OF  FIGURES. 
Fig.  i. — A,  Entire  plant  of  Sauguinaria  Canadensis  in  its  flowering  stage. 
c7,  rhizome  and  rootlets;  b,  one  of  the  outer  bud-seales ;  c, 
young  leaf ;  d,  flower  complete,  except  that  the  caducous  sepals 
have  fallen  away.     ^  natural  size. 
B,  Different  floral  organs  separated,    a,  a  sepal  ;  b  and  c,  different 
petals  ;  d,  stamens  ;  e,  pistil  in  different  views. 
C,  Ground  plan  of  flower. 
Fig.  2. — Part  of  cross-section  of  rhizome  magnified  15  diameters,  a,  cork  ; 
b,  vasal  bundle  ;  c,  cluster  of  secretion-cells  in  middle  bark  ;  d,  cambium  ;  e, 
secretion-cells  in  pith. 
Fig.  j. — Small  portion  of  longitudinal  section  through  xyleni  of  a  bundle, 
showing  the  reticulate  ducts  composed  of  short,  irregular  cells,  a,  parenchyma 
cell  containing  starch  ;  b,  one  of  the  cells  of  a  duct  ;  c,  aperture  commuuicating 
with  next  cell  of  the  series,  forming  a  duct.    Magnification  330  diameters. 
Fig.  4.  —Portion  of  the  cross-section  of  a  young  root  of  Sauguinaria,  showing 
the  central  radial  bundle  before  any  important  secondary  changes  have 
occurred.  The  root-bundles  are  usually  triarch  or  tetrarch,  but  in  older  roots 
the  number  of  rays  is  much  obscured  by  secondary  formations  so  that  the 
number  of  rays  is  difficult  to  determine,  a,  a  secretion-cell;  b}  cell  of  endo- 
dermis  ;  c,  small  duct  at  end  of  xylem-ray  ;  d,  pericambium  layer,  the  cells  of 
which  contain  much  fine-grained  starch  ;  e  phloem  mass,  in  which  occur  some 
secretion-cells.    Magnification,  about  112  diameters. 
Fig.  5. — Starch  of  Sanguinaria  magnified  1,200  diameters.  The  grains  are 
spherical  or  spheroidal,  mostly  simple,  sometimes  double;  hilum  central  and 
usually  inconspicuous  and  unfissured  ;  grains  smooth  and  with  no  obvious  stra- 
tification lines  ;  polarization  cross  faint,  equal-armed. 
ABIES  BALSAMEA,  MILLER. 
By  Carl  G.  Hunkel. 
Twigs  containing  fresh  leaves  and  few  cones  from  this  tree  were 
collected  by  Mr.  Cheney,1  in  Buffalo  County,  of  this  State,  in  the 
month  of  July,  1893.  They  were  distilled  in  this  laboratory,  imme- 
diately upon  their  arrival.  The  specific  gravity  and  rotatory  power 
of  the  oil  were  determined  by  Mr.  Urban,  in  the  beginning  of  Octo- 
ber of  the  same  year.  In  April  of  this  year,  1894,  the  physical  con- 
stants of  the  oil  were  again  determined.    The  specific  gravity  and 
1  Instructor  in  Botany,  University  of  Wisconsin. 
