^""jauyisS™' }  Oriental  Notes.  5 
spoon  from  the  pouch  between  the  anus  and  genitals,  and  is  also  found 
adhering  to  the  trunks  of  trees  from  the  animal  rubbing  on  them. 
This  secretion  is  a  thick  liquid,  and  is  put  into  the  horns  of  goats,  or, 
for  the  retail  trade,  into  small  tin  boxes.  It  is  extensively  used  as  a 
perfume,  sometimes  under  the  name  of  mosJws,  the  men  employing  it 
on  the  turban  and  the  women  on  their  veils.  Civet  is  also  used  as  a 
remedy  in  hysterical  and  other  nervous  complaints,  and  is  used  for 
protecting  cloths  from  moths,  the  cloths  being  kept  in  chests  made 
of  cedar  or  cypress  wood.  The  price  of  a  civet  cat  is  from  2,000 
to  3,000  piastres,  and  from  500  to  1,500  piastres  are  paid  for  the 
iskins  which  are  used  for  furs. 
Argentiferous  galena  was  worked  near  Laurium  by  Pericles  2,300 
years  ago  in  an.  ergasterion,  workshop,  and  the  silver  obtained  by  a  kind 
of  cupellation ;  the  precious  metal  furnished  the  means  for  erecting 
the  grand  architectural  and  sculptural  works,  the  remnants  of  which 
are  admired  to  the  present  day.  The  slags  accumulated  from  the 
:sraelting  works  received  no  attention  until  1863.  The  author  had 
found  in  such  slags  8  per  cent,  of  lead  containing  silver,  and  it  Avas 
ascertained  that  the  amount  varied  between  4  and  14  per  cent.  These 
slags  were  purchased  by  Sicilian  speculators  at  a  very  low  price,  and 
have  been  smelted  since  1865,  large  quantities  of  argentiferous  lead 
having*  been  obtained,  containing  to  the  ton  often  from  500  to  1,200 
grams  of  silver,  which  is  prepared  from  it  in  France  and  England. 
More  recently  the  mines  and  the  ekbolades,  or  argentiferous  refuse,  are 
worked  by  a  Greek  stock  company,  the  ore  being  first  washed  to  sepa- 
rate the  earthy  matter,  then  formed  into  bricks  and  smelted  with  char- 
coal. By  gambling  in  these  shares  many  families  have  been  reduced 
to  poverty. 
Ziiic  Ores  in  Greece. — Until  a  few  years  ago  the  existence  of  cala- 
mine in  Laurium  was  unknown;  at  present  there  are  many  mines, 
some  of  them  100  to  120  meters  deep,  yielding  handsome  ores  occa- 
sionally associated  with  crystals  of  malachite  or  in  stalactitic  forms. 
The  ores  are  roasted,  when  a  blackish-gray  powder  is  obtained,  which 
is  exported  to  France  and  England,  where  it  is  converted  into  the 
metal.  Zinc  ores  have  also  been  discovered  upon  Tsesme  in  Asia 
Minor,  opposite  Chios,  and  upon  the  islands  of  Samos  and  Antiparos. 
Valuable  ores,  such  as  chrome-iron,  argentiferous  lead  and  emery  have 
-also  been  found  in  Thessaly,  and  a  very  handsomely  crystallized  nickel 
a,rsenate  was  discovered  in  Laurium. 
