AD»-|^onr.Pharni  |   Pharmaceutical  Colleges  and  Associations.  207 
D.  Describe  the  metal  copper.  Mention  some  of  the  more  important  alloy.s 
into  which  it  enters.  What  is  the  result  of  the  action  of  sulphuric  acid  ui)on 
copper?  What  of  the  action  of  nitric  acid  upon  copper?  What  of  ihe 
action  of  aqua  ammoniac  upon  copper? 
M  Give  the  exact  chemiccil  names  and  formulas  of  Hydrargyrum  ehlo- 
ridum  corrosivum  3^n(X  Hydrargyrurn  cldoridiim  rrdie.  iState  the  points  of 
difference  between  them.  State  the  tests  by  which  they  may  be  dis- 
tinguished.   And  how  they  may  be  separated  when  found  together. 
F.  Give  the  chemical  formula  of  Phimbi  Carbonari  State  how  it  is  made 
ordinarily.  And  what  are  its  uses  in  pharmacy  and  the  arts?  Give  the 
chemical  formula  of  P^?mi6i  ^c^tos.  And  of  the  salt  present  in  Goulard's 
extract. 
0.  What  is  a  compound  ether  f  Giveone  or  more  officinal  compounds  be- 
longing to  this  class.  For  what  purpose  are  the  compound  ethers  mostly 
used  ? 
H.  Mention  the  several  groups  of  Carbohydrates,  giving  their  formulas. 
What  simple  relation  exists  between  the  formulas  of  these  groups?  Which 
of  these  groups  is  capable  of  fermentation  ?  Show  by  reaction  how  the 
sugar  formula  is  changed  in  this  process?  By  what  means  are  the  com- 
pounds of  the  third  group  changed  successively  into  the  second  group  and 
the  first  group? 
1.  What  is  a  Phenol  f  From  what  simpler  compound  is  it  derived  cliemi- 
cally  ?   Give  the  formulas  of  those  phenols  which  are  officinal. 
K.  How  would  you  define  an  alkaloid?  What  are  some  of  the  reagents 
specially  used  in  tlieir  detection  and  separation  ?  Mention  points  of  differ- 
ence between  an  alkaloid  and  a  glucoside.  In  what  respect  does  the 
formula  of  the  sulphate  of  an  alkaloid  differ  from  that  of  a  metallic  sul- 
phate?   Can  you  mention  any  alkaloids  that  have  been  made  artificially? 
QUESTIONS  BY  THE  EXAMINING  COMMITTEE. 
A.  Describe  briefly  the  chemical  changes  which  occur  in  the  preparation 
of  the  officinal  hard  Soap.  How  may  soap  be  separated  from  the  residual 
liquids?  What  is  soap  chemically?  Name  an  officinal  example  of  a 
chemically  analogous  compound,  with  an  earthy  or  metallic  base.  How 
may  the  quantity  of  fatty  acids  in  Soap  be  ascertained.  How  may  adul- 
terations with  earthy  substances  be  detected?  How  may  the  presence  of 
animal  fats  in  Soap  be  proved  ?  To  what  class  of  poisons  is  soap  an  anti- 
dote? Name  three  officinal  preparations  containing  hard  soap.  What  is 
the  object  of  Soap  as  an  ingredient  in  pills? 
B.  Give  the  botanical  name,  natural  order  and  habitat  of  any  Jive  mo- 
nocotyledonous  plants  which  yield  officinal  drugs.  Name  the  officinal 
portion  and  the  important  constituents  of  each. 
C.  What  is  the  chemical  composition  of  Tartar  Emetic'^  How  is  it  pre- 
pared? Name  two  officinal  preparations  into  which  it  enters.  What 
quantity  of  Tartar  Emetic  is  contained  in  each  ?  How  would  you  dis- 
tinguish Tartar  Emetic  from  Bitartrate  of  Potassium  ?  What  is  the  dose  of 
Tartar  Emetic  as  an  emetic? 
D.  What  are  the  principle  products  of  the  destructive  distillation  of  woodf 
What  is  the  specific  gravity  of  Acidum  aceticum,  U.  S.  P.  ?  How  much 
HC2H3O2  does  it  contain  in  one  hundred  parts  by  weight?  State  how  Po- 
tassii  acetas  is  prepared,  and  show  by  an  equation  the  chemical  reaction 
that  takes  place. 
E.  Give  the  full  officinal  title  of  the  following  preparations.  State  their 
doses,  name  the  part  of  the  plant  from  which  they  are  made,  and  give  a 
general  formula  for  their  preparation:  Abstracts  of  Aconite,  Coniuni, 
Digitalis,  Hyoscyamus,  Ignatia,  Jalap,  Nux  Vomica,  Podophyllum,  Senega,. 
Valerian. 
F.  What  is  the  officinal  name  of  Calabar  Bean  f  What  plant  furnishes 
Calabar  Bean  ?  To  what  natural  order  does  this  plant  belong  ?  Where  is 
this  plant  indigenous  ?  What  two  names  have  been  given  to  the  active 
principle?    What  menstruum  is  used  in  making  the  extract,  and  what  i» 
