522 
Notes  on  Cinchona  Bai^k. 
f  Am.. lour  Pharm. 
t      Oct.,  1883. 
No.  Quinine.      Cinchonidine.   Cinchonine.  Qulnidine. 
1  6-2  0-3  0-3  0-1 
2  2-6  0-6  trace.  0*4 
3  20  1-6  1-2  0-2 
4  40  0-2  0-2  0  1 
5  4-0  0-2  0-7  0-7 
6  2-3  05  1-2  0-8 
7  2-3  0-9  1-7  0-0 
8  2-8  0-3  1-3  0-1 
9  4-1  0-1  0-2  0-1 
10  3-9  0-1  0-2  0-2 
Mr.  Campbell  tells  me  that  ^^notwithstanding  the  extraordinary 
difference  in  the  analysis  there  is  little  difference  to  be  seen  between 
the  most  of  the  trees.  Some  are  pubescent,  however,  and  some  are 
glabrous;  some  have  rounder  leaves  than  others  and  in  some  the  flower 
is  white,  except  in  the  centre  of  the  corolla  tube  which  is  pink. 
Others,  again,  have  pink  flowers.  Nos.  1,  2,  4,  9  and  10  are  what  we 
used  to  call  hybrids ;  of  these  4,  9  and  10  are  much  like  officinalis 
in  leaf  and  bark.  No.  2  is  subpubescent  in  leaf  and  only  a  moderate 
grower,  the  leaf  being  rounder  than  4,  9  and  10,  and  lighter  in  color. 
No.  ]  is  exactly  what  we  would  imagine,  from  Mr.  Cross  and  Colonel 
Beddome's  description,  to  be  a  true  Pata  de  Gallinazo.  Leaf  glabrous 
shiny  on  upper  surface,  soft,  flat,  and  pointed  at  end ;  a  fine  grower 
considering  the  soil  it  is  in.''  It  is  evident,  therefore,  that  no  general 
description  will  suffice  to  guide  a  planter  in  selecting  the  best  sorts, 
but  that  the  subject  requires  a  minute  study  of  individual  trees  of 
which  the  bark  has  been  analyzed. 
Calisaya  bark  shows  equal  variations  between  different  trees.  I 
have  found  individual  trees  growing  together  in  Ceylon  to  vary  from 
3'1  per  cent,  to  9*2  per  cent,  of  quinine,  and  individual  trees  similarly 
growing  together  in  the  Wynaad  to  vary  from  7'6  per  cent,  to  0'7  per 
cent,  of  quinine. 
These  variations  can  hardly  be  attributed  to  soil ;  the  red  barks 
were  all  growing  in  similar  soil  and  under  similar  circumstances,  and 
the  Ceylon  calisayas  were  also  apparently  growing  under  similar  con- 
ditions. 
No  doubt  soil  does  influence  the  richness  of  the  bark  to  A  very  great 
extent ;  samples  of  bark  from  trees  grown  on  poor  soils,  as  far  as  my 
experience  goes,  always  test  below  similar  barks  on  rich  soils.  The 
richest  bark,  both  succirubra  and  calisaya,  that  I  have  tested  from 
Ceylon  has  been  from  land  richly  manured  for  coffee. 
