Am.Jour.^pharm.j        American  PharmaGeutical  Association.  529 
final  heat-change  observed  in  a  chemical  reaction  is  the  mixed  result  of 
intimately  associated  circumstances,  and  does  not  probably  afford  a  true 
representation^of  the  energy  of  the  satisfied  or  dissociated  affinities ;  this 
change,  as  also  change  of  volume  and  refractive  index,  is  dependent  not 
upon  the  mutual  attraction  or  affinity  of  the  combining  substances,  but 
upon  their  individual  nature  and  their  relative  quantities. 
In  conclusion,  the  author  considers  that  the  science  of  thermo-cliemistry 
requires  to  be  thoroughly  reviewed,  and  the  recorded  observations,  although 
of  manifestly  great  service,  must  not  be  considered  as  affording  a  final 
solution  of  the  problems  involved. — Jour.  Chem.  Soc,  Aug.,  1883,  p.  773. 
THIRTY-FIRST  ANNUAL  MEETING  OF  THE  AMERI- 
CAN PHARMACEUTICAL  ASSOCIATION. 
First  Session,  Tuesday,  Sept.  11th. 
The  Association  held  its  meeting  in  the  spacious  lecture-room  of  the 
National  Museum,  located  on  the  grounds  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution, 
Washington,  D.  C.  Adjoining  this  room  were  the  large  halls  in  which  the 
various  exhibits  were  tastefully  arranged.  A  large  number  of  members  were 
present  when  President  Heinitsh  called  the  meeting  to  order.  The  Local 
Secretary,  Mr.  Chas.  Becker,  introduced  District  Commissioner  General 
West,  whose  address  of  welcome  was  responded  to  by  the  President,  who 
afterwards  delivered  his  annual  address,  in  which  he  alluded  to  the  demise 
of  the  venerable  Daniel  B.  Smith  and  of  the  eminent  scientists  Professors 
Woehler  and  Draper  during  the  past  year,  and  passed  in  review  the  events 
of  the  meeting  held  in  the  same  city  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago.  This 
naturally  led  to  the  consideration  of  pharmaceutical  progress  in  its  various 
phases  made  in  the  mean  time,  of  the  spread  of  pharmaceutical  organiza- 
tions throughout  North  America,  and  of  the  changes  in  the  executive  man- 
agement of  the  Association.  The  sale  of  worthless  drugs  by  the  Govern- 
ment was  severely  censured,  and  various  suggestions  were  made  relating  to 
the  affairs  and  interests  of  the  Association.  The  address,  with  its  sugges- 
tions, was  then  referred  to  a  committee  of  three  for  consideration  and  rejjort. 
Thejist  of  delegates  accredited  to  this  meeting,  which  had  been  scrutinized 
by  the  Council,  was  then  read.  It  showed  that  delegates  had  been  appointed 
by  11  colleges  of  pharmacy,  5  alumni  associations,  23  State,  and  15  county 
and  other  local  pharmaceutical  associations,  a  total  of  54  organizations,  of 
which  number,  however,  only  29  had  sent  in  their  credentials  two  weeks  be- 
fore the  meeting  as  required  by  the  by-laws. 
The  Secretary  of  the  Council  next  read  the  names  of  43  applicants  for 
membership,  and  was  followed  by  Mr.  Saunders,  who  moved  that  the  cour- 
tesies of  the  floor  be  extended  to  the  officers  of  the  medical  departments  of 
the  army,  navy,  and  marine  hospital  service,  to  the  professors  of  the  medi- 
cal colleges  of  the  District,  and  to  the  regents  and  officers  of  the  Smith- 
sonian Institution. 
34 
