294 
ON  FLAVORING  EXTRACTS. 
strain,  and  lastly,  when  nearly  cool,  the  orange-flower  water,  and 
mix  them. 
Each  fluidounce  contains  the  strength  of  three  and  a-third 
grains  of  lactucarium.  Thus  made  the  syrup  is  light  brown  in 
color  and  transparent.  The  clarification  by  albumen,  recom- 
mended by  Aubergier,  is  not  always  necessary,  though  some- 
times it  has  been  required.  The  use  of  sugar  for  dividing  the 
lactucarium,  and  the  subsequent  concentration  of  the  tincture  in 
contact  with  sugar,  aids  in  retaining  those  ingredients  in  solu- 
tion, which  usually  separate  as  the  syrup  cools,  and  make  it 
cloudy  in  the  Pharmacopoeia  preparation. 
ON  FLAVORING  EXTRACTS. 
By  the  Editor. 
A  correspondent  having  requested  us  to  re-publish  our  article 
on  this  subject,  to  be  found  at  page  215,  vol.  28th,  of  this 
Journal,  (1856,)  we  take  advantage  of  the  occasion  to  modify 
and  extend  it  somewhat,  as  well  because  that  volume  is  now  out 
of  print,  as  because  some  improvements  have  occurred  since  that 
time. 
EXTRACT  OF  LEMON. 
Take  of  the  Exterior  rind  of  lemons,  two  ounces. 
Alcohol  95°,  (deodorized,)  two  pints. 
Recent  oil  of  lemons,  three  fluidounces. 
Expose  the  rind  to  the  air  until  partially  dried,  then  bruise  it 
in  a  wedgewood  mortar,  and  add  it  to  the  alcohol,  with  agitation, 
until  the  color  is  extracted ;  then  add  the  oil,  and,  if  it  does  not 
immediately  dissolve  and  become  clear,  let  it  stand,  with  occa- 
sional agitation,  for  a  day  or  two  and  filter. 
The  color  for  this  extract  may  be  obtained  from  safflower,  but, 
for  many  reasons,  it  is  better  to  use  the  natural  lemon  color. 
The  object  of  exposing  the  rind  is  to  avoid  weakening  the 
alcohol,  which  should  be  as  pure  as  possible.  When  the  mate- 
rials used  are  the  best,  and  the  extract  is  well  corked  in  a  full 
bottle,  it  improves  by  standing  a  few  weeks  before  filtering. 
