PRESENT  STATE  OP  OUR  KNOWLEDGE  OF  CINCHONA.  423 
whose  stems  measure  five  feet  in  diameter.  A  single  such  gi- 
gantic tree,  which  truly  is  not  often  seen,  yields  ten  cwt.  dried, 
or  thirty  cwt.  fresh  bark." 
It  is  highly  probable  that  this  is  the  sort  which  ought  to  be 
introduced  into  India,  where  its  larger  size,  and  probably  more 
rapid  growth,  might  render  it  a  more  valuable  acquisition  than 
the  a.  vera  itself.  Mr.  Howard  is  the  more  disposed  to  think 
this,  since  from  the  size  and  appearance  of  the  bark  recently 
brought  into  this  market  from  Bolivia,  he  is  led  to  suppose  that 
the  collectors  may  have  opened  up  fresh  districts  in  which  this 
kind  abounds. 
It  is  an  important  feature  that  the  verde  variety  grows  lower 
down  the  valley,  and  consequently  in  warmer  regions  than  the 
other  sorts.  This  may,  at  times,  cause  it  to  be  less  productive 
in  quinine,  but  nevertheless,  the  richest  specimens  examined  by 
Mr.  Howard  presented  the  characteristics  of  this  variety. 
The  Calisayas  of  Bolivia  thus  seem  to  be  most  satisfactorily 
determined,  and  it  remains  only  that  Dr.  Weddell  should  add  to 
those  labors,  for  which  we  are  so  much  indebted  to  him,  by  pub- 
lishing the  materials  which  he  has  in  hand  to  illustrate  the  re- 
maining varieties  of  this  species. 
The  Barks  of  Loja,  or  "  Crown  Barks.'" 
Cinchona  officinalis,  Linnaeus,  a.  Uritusinga. — The  term  offici- 
nalis has  been  (Mr.  Howard  thinks  most  correctly)  restored  by 
Dr.  Hooker  to  the  species  which  grew  under  his  care  from  seeds 
sent  by  Don  T.  Riofrio,  from  the  mountains  of  Uritusinga,  near 
Loja.  This  is  the  Cinchona  Uritusinga  of  Pavon,  also  the 
Quina-quina  described  by  M.  La  Condamine,  in  1738,  and  con- 
sequently the  C.  academica  of  Guibourt's  Hist,  des  Drogues,  and 
the  C.  officinalis  of  "Woodville's  Botany,  vol.  iii.  p.  546.  The 
plant  flowered  in  the  writer's  possession  in  1862,  and  a  charac- 
teristic drawing,  by  Fitch,  of  the  flowering  branch,  may  be  found 
in  tab.  5364  of  Curtis's  Bot.  Mag.,  which  may  be  compared  with 
that  of  the  same  species  in  the  "  Nueva  Quinologia." 
A  plant  of  the  above,  about  six  feet  in  height,  was  presented 
by  Mr.  Howard  to  the  Indian  Government,  and  although  it  suf- 
fered from  a  sunstroke  in  the  transit  from  Madris  to  Ootacamund, 
and  lost  all  its  leaves,  it  was  restored,  and  by  the  skill  of  Mr. 
