PRESENT  STATE  OF  OUR  KNOWLEDGE  OF  CINCHONA.  425 
The  bark  of  P.  Condaminea  is  the  rusty  crown  bark  of  Pereira,* 
and  of  English  commerce.  M.  Planchon  agrees  with  Mr.  How- 
ard that  the  larger  portions  of  the  bark  represent  the  Quinquina 
noueux  of  Joseph  de  Jussieu. 
Cinchona  officinalis,  y.  Bonplandiana-colorata. — This  form  of 
Loja  bark  was  called,  in  the  time  of  the  Spanish  dominion,  Colo- 
rada  del  Bey.\  It  is  well  represented  not  only  in  the  widely- 
dispersed  herbarium  of  Pavon,  but  also  by  specimens  sent  home 
by  Cross,  both  of  a  flowering  branch  and  of  the  bark,  from  the 
Ravines  of  Cajamuna,  near  Loja,  in  1861.  The  seeds  sent 
home  by  this  collector  have  vegetated  well  in  India,  and  so  suc- 
cessful has  been  the  cultivation,  that  M'lvor  has  already  sent 
home  bark  fit  for  the  English  market,  according  to  the  estimation 
of  the  most  competent  judges.  The  plant  is  figured  and  described 
in  Howard's  "  Illustrations  of  the  Nueva  Quinologia,"  as  a  va- 
riety of  Chahuarguera,  which  name  might  very  well  be  exchanged 
for  the  above. 
y.  Bonplandiana-lutea. — These  two  sorts  are  probably  merely 
the  macho  and  hembra  varieties  (those  in  which  the  male  or  fe- 
male element  preponderates  in  the  flower,  etc.)  of  the  same 
plant,  but  the  barks  produced  are  markedly  different,  and  these 
differences  have  remained  unchanged  from  Pavon's  day  to  this. 
They  both  deserve  well  their  old  reputation,  and,  though  scarce, 
are  still  found  in  commerce  ;  growing  together,  Pavon  says,  and 
often  coming  together  (sometimes  intermingled)  to  the  English 
market ;  but,  though  so  nearly  allied,  not  confused  by  insensible 
transition.^  » 
Cinchoi^  officinalis,  A  crispa. — This  form  of  Loja  bark  was 
described  and  named  by  Tafalla  as  Cinchona  crispa,  and  is  de- 
scribed by  Mr.  Howard  under  that  head  in  his  u  Quinologia." 
Nevertheless  it  is  his  opinion  that  it  is  so  manifestly  one  of  the 
*  Confounded  by  Pereira  with  the  Huamalies  mince  et  rougedtre  of  M. 
Guibourt,  which  seems  to  belong  to  C.  purpurea. 
f  "  The  Spanish  Creoles  still  have  the  custom  of  giving  the  name  real 
or  del  Rey  to  the  best,  most  beautiful,  and  most  valued  articles ;  thus 
every  place  has  its  Palma  real,  Quina  del  Rey,  etc."  (Karsten.) 
%  Darwin  has  shown,  in  an  able  paper  communicated  to  the  Linnaean 
Society  on  another  family  of  plants,  that  the  form  of  the  flower  is  either 
entirely  macho,  or  entirely  hembra,  not  passing  from  one  into  the  other. 
