^^"junerT?7i'™'}     Rectification  of  Alcoholic  Liquids,  247 
A  tincture  made  with  alcohol,  spec.  grav.  '835,  had  a  fine,  brown- 
ish-yellow color  with  a  tinge  of  green,  was  slightly  acid  to  test-paper, 
and  possessed  a  less  disagreeable  taste  than  the  infusion.  On  evapor- 
ating the  tincture,  1000  grains  of  the  root  were  found  to  yield  210  grains 
(21  per  cent.)  of  extract,  which  consisted  of  fixed  oil  and  two  resins, 
one  soluble  and  the  other  insoluble  in  ether,  the  former  of  which  had 
a  stronger  acrid  taste  than  the  latter. 
A  trace  of  volatile  oil  was  obtained  on  distilling  the  root  with  water. 
Glucose  was  detected  by  Trommer's  test  in  the  infusion  and  tincture. 
The  air-dried  root  yielded,  on  an  average  of  three  experiments,  8*25 
per  cent,  of  ashes,  containing  silica,  and  chlorides  and  sulphates  of 
potassium,  sodium  and  calcium. 
The  organic  constituents  are  :  albumen,  pectin,  starch,  glucose,  an 
alkaloid,  fixed  oil,  volatile  oil  and  two  acrid  resins. 
NOTE  ON  THE  RECTIFICATION  OF  ALCOHOLIC  LIQUIDS. 
^  BY  J.  U,   LLOYD,  CINCINNATI,  OHIO. 
After  fluid  extracts  are  made,  there  is  a  very  considerable  amount  of 
alcohol  left  within  the  material  operated  upon,  which,  by  persons  having 
no  dreg  still,  can  be  recovered  only  by  running  water  through  the  resi- 
due and  distilling  the  mixture ;  and  sometimes  the  manufacturer  is  con- 
siderably annoyed  by  a  tendency  which  the  runnings  from  certain  sub- 
stances, such  as  sarsaparilla,  exhibit  for  the  formation  of  large  amounts 
of  froth,  which,  filling  the  still,  interrupts  the  process  by  coming  over 
with  the  alcohol. 
This  can  be  remedied  by  giving  the  runnings  an  acid  reaction  with 
sulphuric  acid.  Where  a  copper  still  is  operated  with,  this  will  prove 
unobjectionable,  as  the  menstruum  will  not  corrode  copper. 
CHLORIDE  OF  BARIUM,  A  CONSTITUENT  OF  KANAWHA  SALT 
No.  I. 
BY   E.  SCHEFFER. 
Lately  I  bought  Kanawha  Salt  No.  i,"  which,  by  certain  reactions, 
roused  my  suspicion  that  it  contained  besides  lime  other  impurities  of 
the  nature  of  an  alkaline  earth. 
The  examination  to  which  it  was  subjected  proved  the  presence  of  a 
large  amount  of  barium  chloride. 
