Am  jour.  Pharm.  >  Pharmacy  and  Pharmacists.  131 
l<ebruary,  1921.     )  •>  ° 
gaged  in  the  drug  business  there ;  this  was  continued  until  1892, 
when  he  turned  this  business  over  to  his  son. 
In  i860  he  studied  the  ferns,  and  this  work  was  published  in 
Eaton's  Ferns  of  North  America.  When  the  war  between  the  States 
broke  out  he  manufactured  drugs  from  native  resources.  After  the 
war,  during  the  reconstruction  period,  he  studied  the  fertilizing 
value  of  the  ashes  of  various  woods,  and  lectured  throughout 
Alabama  and  wrote  articles  on  this  subject,  in  order  to  aid  in  the 
improvement  of  exhausted  soils  and  betterment  of  agricultural 
practice. 
In  1876  he  was  appointed  to  investigate  the  gold  and  other  ^ 
mineral  resources  of  Alabama,  which  took  him  through  all  parts 
of  the  State  and  gave  him  the  opportunity  of  studying  the  flora, 
which  observations  were  published  in  Berney's  Handbook  of  Alabama 
in  1878,  under  the  title  of  "The  Forests  of  Alabama  and  Their 
Products"  and. T/zr  Grasses  and  Other  Forage  Plants  of  Alabama. 
The  value  of  his  collection  of  minerals  is  shown  by  the  fact  that 
they  were  exhibited  at  the  exhibition  in  Mobile  in  1876,  and  also  in 
Atlanta  in  1881. 
In  1887  he  reported  for  the  United  States  Department  of  Agri- 
culture on  the  Economic  Geology  of  Alabama.  His  treatise  on 
Grasses  and  Forage  Plants  of  Alabama  was  prepared  for  the  United 
States  Department  of  Agriculture  in  1878  and  1879,  and  was  also 
published  in  the  Botanical  Gazette  for  May,  1878,  wherein  he  gave 
an  account  of  the  useful  plants  of  foreign  origin  which  were  accli- 
mated in  the  Gulf  States.  In  1878  he  also  began  to  arrange  his 
herbarium  of  Alabama  and  prepare  a  preliminary  list  of  plants  grow- 
ing there  without  cultivation.  This  was  included  in  the  Geological 
Survey  of  1890,  and  later  the  plant  life  of  Alabama' was  published. 
In  1880  he  was  appointed  to  collect  information  for  the  Tenth 
Census  Report  on  the  Forestry  Conditions  in  the  Gulf  States,  and 
during  this  time  he  also  collected  for  the  Harvard  Arboretum  and 
for  the  Jessup  Collection  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  His- 
tory. The  latter  was  published  in  book  form — The  Forest  and  Tim- 
ber Trees  of  Alabama.  In  1882  he  arranged  the  agricultural  and 
forestry  collection  for  the  Department  of  Agriculture. 
In  1883  and  1884  he  was  employed  by  the  Louisville  &  Nash- 
ville Railroad  to  study  the  agricultural,  forest  and  mineral  resources 
along  the  line  of  its  road.    He  also  reported  on  soil  and  climate  in 
