FTbrJuaryPih92im'}  Keeping  Qualities  of  Vaccine  Vims.  145 
as  control,  which  had  been  inoculated  at  the  same  time  but  with 
fresh  glycerinized  vaccine.  Up  to  date  of  writing,  that  is,  four 
months  from  the  time  the  vaccine  was  prepared  (and  it  was  kept 
at  room  temperature  all  the  time),  we  have  obtained  in  all  inocu- 
lated animals  first-class  "takes"  which  could  not  be  distinguished 
from  the  "take"  in  the  control  animal  inoculated  with  fresh  vaccine. 
We  cannot,  therefore,  at  the  present  writing  state  definitely  how 
long  the  dried  and  pulverized  vaccine  will  keep.  But,  in  view  of 
the  fact  that  the  experiments  showed  good  results  during  the  past 
four  months,  the  procedure  seems  to  be  of  practical  use. 
In  order  to  make  the  use  of  this  vaccine  as  simple  as  possible, 
we  have  suggested  that  it  be  put  up  in  ordinary  straight,  one 
cubic  centimeter,  amber  glass  vials  with  rubber  stoppers  sealed 
with  paraffin,  another  vial  of  the  same  type  to  contain  the  glyc- 
erin necessary  to  dissolve  the  powder  immediately  before  use. 
The  vial  is  opened  by  removing  the  rubber  stopper.  The  glycerin 
is  poured  into  the  vial  containing  the  powder.  The  rubber  stopper 
is  tightly  replaced  and  the  contents  are  shaken  for  several  minutes 
until  the  powder  has  mixed  with  the  liquid.  This  simple  and  con- 
venient way  of  putting  up  the  dried  vaccine  may  not  be  the  best 
as  far  as  preservation  of  the  dried  vaccine  is  concerned;  sufficient 
moisture  may  penetrate  into  the  vial  to  render  the  vaccine  virus 
inert  in  less  time  than  four  months.  It  was  therefore  suggested 
that,  in  case  the  above-mentioned  method  will  not  give  satisfactory 
results,  the  powder  be  kept  in  hermetically  sealed  ampules,  or 
be  kept  on  hand  in  open  bottles  placed  in  a  small  dessicator  contain- 
ing a  hygroscopic  chemical. 
Besides  the  experiments  already  mentioned,  we  have  arranged 
a  field  experiment  by  shipping  dried  vaccine  virus  to  various  places 
in  the  Archipelago  and  back,  and  then  testing  its  activity  on  monkeys 
by  vaccination.  The  places  to  which  dried  vaccine  was  shipped 
and  tested  when  returned  to  Manila  are:  Currimao,  Ilocos  Norte; 
Pandan,  Ilocos  Sur;  San  Antonio,  Zambales;  Calapan,  Romblon, 
Pasacao,  Culion,  Surigao,  and  Butuan;  Cagayan  and  Iligan;  Oro- 
quieta  and  Dapitan;  Zamboanga,  Jolo,  Cotabato,  Quinimi,  Glan, 
Davao,  Agutay,  and  Cuyo.  The  length  of  time  necessary  for  ship- 
ping and  reshipping  was  twenty-five  days.  The  animals  vaccinated 
with  these  dried  vaccines  showed  first-class  "takes." 
The  process  of  drying  the  vaccine  pulp  seems  to  decrease  its 
bacterial  content.    In  the  experiments  above  mentioned  the  bac- 
