828 
Pharmacy  and  Pre-Medical  Schools,   j  A%{™r\9n arm' 
SUMMARY. 
A  direct  method  has  been  described  for  sorting  mixed  (herd  or 
market)  milks  into  two  classes,  those  probably  adulterated  or  sub- 
standard and  those  probably  neither  adulterated  nor  sub-standard. 
The  kinds  of  adulterated  milks  considered  are  those  that  are 
skimmed  and  watered.  The  method  gives  preference  to  the  estab- 
lishment of  sub-standard  character  whenever  possible,  with  skim- 
ming and  watering  as  abuses  to  be  dealt  with  by  detailed  analysis 
only  when  the  adulterated  milk  is  above  the  legal  standards.  The 
simplest  way  to  use  the  method  is  graphically,18  though  a  very  simple 
skimming  rule  is  given  for  use  within  certain  limits.  The  funda- 
ental  values  in  the  method  have  been  arranged  to  be  the  lactometer 
and  the  fat,  because  they  are  the  two  values  determined  at  the 
outset  in  routine  work.  A  table  is  given  for  the  calibration  of 
lactometers. 
SCHOOLS  OF  PHARMACY  AS  PRE-MEDICAL  SCHOOLS* 
By  Horatio  C.  Wood,  Jr.,  M.  D. 
Professor  of  Materia  Medica  at  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Phar- 
macy and  Science. 
Forty  of  the  States  in  our  Union  demand  as  a  prerequisite  to 
the  study  of  medicine  one  or  more  years  of  "college  education,"  i.  e.y 
a  study  of  subjects  beyond  the  high  school  standard.  It  is  specified 
in  many  of  these  laws  that  this  education  must  be  acquired  in  a 
"college  of  arts  and  science. "  Although  the  wording  of  this  sec- 
tion of  the  laws  is  sometimes  ambiguous  the  manifest  purpose  of  - 
18  The  graph  as  given  in  Fig.  i  can  readily  be  modified  for  use  in  States 
which,  like  New  York  and  New  Jersey,  fix  the  minimum  legal  limit  for  total 
solids  at  1 1.5  per  cent,  instead  of  12.0  per  cent,  as  in  Pennsylvania.  The  only 
effect  of  the  change  will  be  to>  drop  the  line  II  to  a  position  parallel  to  its 
present  one  but  nearer  to  the  origin  of  the  axis.  Similarly,  line  III  can  be 
moved  nearer  or  further  from  the  origin  as  experience  may  dictate.  Neither 
of  these  changes  modifies  the  principles  upon  which  the  proposed  method  rests. 
For  practical  use  in  the  laboratory,  the  graph  is  best  plotted  from  Tables 
I,  II  and  III  upon  paper  cross-ruled  in  inches  and  tenths  of  inches. 
*Read  before  the  Philadelphia  Branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical 
Association. 
