PHARMACEUTICAL  LEGISLATION. 
307 
§  44.  At  the  expiration  of  the  engagement,  the  principal  shall  give  a 
certificate  to  the  assistant. 
§45.  The  certificate  is  to  be  countersigned  by  the  district  apothecary, 
who  likewise  decides  in  cases  of  complaint. 
§46.  An  assistant  has  to  serve  as  such  at  least  three  years,  two  of 
which  must  have  been  spent  in  German  ofRcines. 
§47.  After  this  time,  an  assistant  has  to  study  the  pharmaceutical  sci- 
ences at  a  German  University  for  at  least  two  courses  (semesters). 
§48.  To  matriculate  at  the  University,  the  pharmacist  has  to  comply 
merely  with  the  conditions  applicable  to  students  of  whom  a  maturity 
testimonial  is  not  required. 
*  0.  The  Pharmaceutical  State's  Examination. 
§49.  The  State's  examination  may  take  place  before  the  examination 
commission  of  any  North  German  University.  This  commission  consists 
of  a  physicist,  a  chemist,  a  botanist  and  two  pharmacists,  appointed  by 
the  Chancellor  of  the  Confederation. 
§50.  Applications  for  examination  during  the  summer  session  must  be 
made  in  April,  and  during  the  winter  session  in  November  ;  they  must  be 
accompanied,  among  other  certificates,  by  the  testimonials  of  apprentice- 
ship, clerkship,  and  attendance  at  University  ;  also  by  a  short  autobi- 
ography. 
§  51.  The  examination  consists  of  the  course  and  of  the  final  examina- 
tion. Those  only  having  passed  the  former  can  be  admitted  to  the 
latter. 
§  52.  The  course  examination  is  as  follows  :  (a,)  compounding  of  a  pre- 
scription ;  (b,)  making  of  two  pharmaceutical  preparations;  (c,)  writing, 
in  clausure,  of  an  essay  on  a  chemical  and  its  mode  of  preparation  ;  (d,)  the 
same  on  a  subject  of  analytical  chemistry  ;  (e,)  a  qualitative  and  a  quanti- 
tative analysis;  (f,)  a  forensic  analysis  for  the  detection  of  an  inorganic 
poison  ;  (g,)  verbal  examination  on  (1)  botany,  (2)  pharmacognosy,  (3) 
pharmaceutical  chemistry,  (4)  toxicology,  (5)  pharmaceutical  laws. 
§  53.  The  final  examination,  which  is  to  be  verbal  and  public,  and  to 
which  not  more  than  four  candidates  are  to  be  admitted  at  one  time,  com- 
prises general  and  special  botany,  general  chemistry  in  connection  with 
mineralogy,  and  natural  philosophy. 
§54  prescribes  the  keeping  of  minutes  and  the  judgment  (censur)  on 
each  branch,  as  well  as  the  general  censure. 
§55.  The  voting  takes  place  by  using  the  terms  (1)  excellent,  (2)  very 
good,  (3)  good,  (4)  bad  or  insufficient.  As  final  censure,  the  first  grade 
(excellent)  can  be  given  only  on  the  candidate  having  attained  in  all 
branches  at  least  the  censure  "  very  good  ;"  the  second  grade  (very  good) 
only  if  the  majority  of  the  special  censures  were  "  very  good." 
§50.  Repetitions  of  special  examinations  are  admissable  only  according 
