396 
GLEANINGS  FROM  GERMAN  JOURNALS. 
Theha'ieine  is  readily  soluble  in  potassium  hydrate  solution, 
very  little  in  boiling  alcohol,  and  insoluble  in^  ether,  benzene, 
water  and  ammonia.  With  strong  nitric  acid  it  forms  a  dark 
pink  solution;  with  strong  sulphuric  acid,  a  dark  blue  one.  The 
author  thinks  thebaicine  very  likely  to  be  isomerous  with  the- 
baine. 
Papaverine  CgiHg^NO^  crystallizes   in  colorless  tender 
prisms ;  it  is  readily  soluble  in  warm  alcohol,  in  chloroform, 
benzene  and  in  acetone,  very  little  in  cold  alcohol  and  ether ;  its 
solutions  do  not  act  upon  red  litmus  paper.  Strong  sulphuric 
acid  dissolves  papaverine  colorless  ;  acetic  acid  dissolves  it  with- 
out being  neutralized. 
Hesse  prepared,  examined  and  analyzed  a  number  of  papave- 
rine salts. 
At  the  conclusion  of  his  elaborate  paper  0.  Hesse  points  out 
some  of  the  general  results  of  his  studies  on  the  opium  alka- 
loids. In  order  to  form  a  correct  idea  on  the  comparative  small 
quantities  of  these  alkaloids  in  opium  he  states,  for  instance, 
that  a  Turkey  opium  which  contained  8*3  per  cent,  morphine, 
contained  only  0*0058  per  cent,  lanthopine,  0-0052  per  cent, 
laudamine,  and  0*0033  per  cent,  codamine. 
Codamine  and  laudamine  belong,  with  the  more  important 
opium  alkaloids,  to  an  homologous  series,  whose  members  differ 
successively  by  the  radical  X  CHg.    This  series  is  at  present : 
Morphine, 
Codeine,  . 
Codamine, 
Laudamine, 
Collateral  members  to  this  series  are  until  at  present : 
Pseudomorphine,  . 
Apomorphine, 
A  second  series  of  homologous 
Papaverine, 
Lanthopine, 
Cryptopine, 
and  probably 
Narceine,  . 
Rhoeadine, 
Rhoeagenine, 
=  C„H„NO,. 
pium  alkaloids  are : 
} 
C23H29NO(j. 
