194       Recent  Literature  Relating  to  Pharmacy.  {AmAP°rnr;i9o1iarm' 
quito  in  a  non-malarious  district.  This  has  now  been  provided  in 
London  by  a  son  of  Dr.  Manson,  who  allowed  himself  to  be  bitten 
by  a  malaria-infected  mosquito.  For  the  experiment  mosquitoes 
{Anopheles)  were  raised  from  the  egg  in  a  laboratory,  so  that  they 
had  no  opportunity  of  obtaining  the  fever  parasites,  and  these  were 
taken  to  Rome  and  allowed  to  suck  the  blood  of  patients  in  whom 
the  parasites  of  tertian  fever  were  ascertained  to  be  present.  The 
insects  were  then  sent  to  the  London  School  of  Tropical  Medicine 
and  fed  on  vegetable  juices  until  sufficient  time  had  elapsed  for  the 
fever-germs  to  reach  their  venom-glands.  Mr.  P.  T.  Manson  was 
bitten  every  second  day  by  the  insects  until  they  died,  usually  about 
ten  days  after  their  arrival  in  London.  The  first  batch  was  fed  in 
London  in  the  first  and  second  weeks  of  July,  the  second  at  the 
end  of  August,  and  the  last  during  the  second  week  of  September. 
Mr.  Manson  remained  in  perfect  health  until  the  morning  of  Sep- 
tember 13th,  when  he  was  suddenly  attacked  by  headache,  bone- 
ache,  lassitude,  and  loss  of  appetite,  with  rise  of  temperature  to 
1020  F.  On  September  15th  there  was  a  distinct  intermission 
during  the  forenoon.  High  fever,  with  temperature  of  1040  F.,  set 
in  about  4  p.m.  with  delirium,  and  was  relieved  during  the  night  by 
profuse  diaphoresis.  The  same  series  of  events  recurred  on  Sep- 
tember 1 6th,  and  on  the  morning  of  the  17th  tertian  parasites  were 
found  in  his  blood.  The  nature  of  the  illness  was  verified,  and  the 
parasites  were  seen,  not  only  by  Dr.  Manson  himself,  but  by  other 
competent  observers.  The  delay  in  the  appearance  of  symptoms  is, 
notable,  but  is  believed  to  be  due  either  to  the  condition  of  the 
insects  or  to  the  need  for  some  lapse  of  time  after  the  parasites  are 
introduced  into  the  blood  before  they  multiply  sufficiently  to  become 
effective  causes  of  fever.  Mr.  Manson  is  not  likely  to  sustain  any 
permanent  injury  or  inconvenience,  as  the  tertian  parasite  is  not 
virulent  and  is  easily  killed  by  quinine,  which  Mr.  Manson  has  taken 
freely,  and  there  has  been  no  recurrence  of  the  tertian  symptoms. 
These  signal  proofs  of  the  communicability  of  malarial  fever  by 
insects,  and  insects  alone,  once  more  attracts  attention  to  the  need 
for  close  study  of  the  various  species  of  mosquito.  We  are  glad, 
therefore,  to  observe  that  the  inquiry  instituted  in  1898  at  the  sug- 
gestion of  a  committee  of  the  Royal  Society  by  the  Colonial  Office 
is  bearing  fruit.  The  Governors  of  all  the  colonies  were  requested 
to  have  such  collections  made  and  sent  to  the  Natural  History 
