374 
International  Congresses. 
( Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
I      August,  1901. 
pharmaceutical  associations  and  to  pharmacists  in  general,  each 
association  being  entitled  to  send  one  delegate  for  every  one  hun- 
dred of  its  members. 
The  Congress  assembled  August  12th  to  17th.  Twelve  societies 
were  represented  by  seventeen  delegates  from  Russia,  Austria- 
Hungary,  England,  France  and  Denmark.  No  delegates  were  pres- 
ent from  Germany  and  the  United  States ;  the  English  delegation 
consisted  of  Mr.  Thorn.  Greeitish  and  Francis  Sutton.  Mr.  Anton 
von  W aid] mm,  of  Austria,  was  elected  President  and  Messrs.  Madsen, 
of  Denmark,  and  Trapp,  of  Russia,  Vice-Presidents.  The  German 
language  was  chosen  for  conducting  the  deliberations,  whilst  the 
use  of  English  and  French  was  also  permitted, 
Three  main  questions  were  proposed  for  consideration. 
(1)  How  far  are  assistants  personally  responsible  in  the  exercise 
of  their  professional  duties  ? — Upon  this  query  the  resolution  passed 
that  the  proprietor  was  responsible  for  the  good  quality  of  all 
drugs,  chemicals  and  galenicals,  and  for  the  proper  management 
and  conduct  of  the  business,  whilst  the  properly  qualified  assistant 
should  be  responsible  for  any  mistakes  committed  by  him  or  his 
fault  and,  during  the  absence  of  the  proprietor,  also  for  mistakes 
committed  by  apprentices. 
(2)  How  should  the  Committee  of  Inspection  of  Pharmacies 
most  suitably  be  composed  and  appointed  ? — This  query,  applying 
only  to  the  usages  in  continental  Europe,  was  answered  by  declar- 
ing that  the  periodical  governmental  inspection  of  pharmacies 
should  be  conducted  by  one  medical  practitioner  and  one  practical 
pharmacist. 
(3)  Is  it  necessary  that  the  professorships  of  pharmacy  should  be 
occupied  by  pharmacists  ? — In  response  to  this  query  the  resolution 
passed,  that  it  is  desirable  that  the  professorship  of  pharmacy 
should  be  held  by  pharmacists  and  that  there  should  be  in  the 
pharmaceutical  curriculum  two  chairs,  one  for  pharmacognosy  and 
one  for  pharmaceutical  chemistry. 
(4)  Has  not  the  time  arrived  for  the  preparation  and  introduc- 
tion of  an  international  pharmacopoeia  ? — This  question  had  been 
answered  in  the  Congress  of  1867  by  the  American  delegates  in 
the  negative.  It  again  elicited  a  comprehensive  deliberation.  In 
general  the  necessity  of  uniformity  in  all  pharmacopceial  prepara- 
tion was  recognized.    The  Society  of  Pharmacy  of  Paris  presented  a 
