376  International  Congresses.  {Kmjl^t*mlm' 
Congress  should  convene  in  the  course  of  the  next  five  years,  or  at 
the  furthest  in  1879. 
FIFTH  CONGRESS  IN  LONDON,    1 88 1. 
The  convocation  of  the  fifth  Congress  was  for  various  reasons 
delayed  beyond  the  time  appointed  in  St.  Petersburg  in  1874.  It 
was  not  before  the  end  of  the  year  1880  that  the  Pharmaceutical 
Society  of  Great  Britain  issued  a  circular  letter  of  invitation  to  the 
pharmaceutical  societies  as  well  as  to  prominent  pharmacists,  with 
the  request  to  send  delegates  and  to  attend  the  meetings  of  the 
congress  to  be  held  in  London  in  August,  1 88 r.  As  mam  objects 
for  deliberation  there  were  mentioned  the  international  pharma- 
copoeia, pharmaceutical  education,  and  the  relations  of  pharmacists 
to  the  medical  profession  and  the  public. 
Forty- eight  delegates,  representing  pharmaceutical  societies  ot 
England,  France,  Germany,  Austria,  Russia,  Italy,  Belgium,  Hol- 
land, Denmark,  Sweden  and  Australasia,  attended  the  Congress  and 
quite  a  number  of  visitors  from  Great  Britain  and  abroad,  among 
them  two  from  the  United  States  of  America  (Fr.  Hoffmann  and 
Oscar  Oldberg).  Dr.  Theophilus  Redzuood,  of  London,  was  elected 
President,  and  not  less  than  sixteen  honorary  vice-presidents  and 
five  honorary  secretaries  were  proposed  and  elected. 
The  subject  of  an  International  Pharmacopoeia  was  introduced  by 
papers  read  by  Messrs.  J%  Dittrich,  of  Prague,  J.  Martenson,  of 
St.  Petersburg,  and  Madsen,  of  Copenhagen,  each  one  presenting  a 
number  of  suggestions  and  approving  the  principles  recommended 
by  the  Congress  at  St.  Petersburg. 
In  regard  to  the  draft  elaborated  by  the  Pharmaceutical  Society 
of  Paris  and  offered  to  and  accepted  by  the  Congress  at  St.  Peters- 
burg, an  unavailing  controversy  as  to  the  final  disposition  of  the 
manuscript  occurred.  It  was  stated  that  it  had  been  burned  in  St. 
Petersburg  by  an  unfortunate  mistake  or  accident,  while  the  French 
delegates  claimed  that  the  original  draft  was  in  their  possession. 
The  fact  is  that  no  available  action  whatever  seems  to  have  been 
taken  with  this  initial  draft  for  the  elaboration  of  an  International 
Pharmacopoeia. 
The  lengthy  discussions  about  a  universal  code  resulted  in  the 
following  resolutions  unanimously  adopted  : 
