Am.  Jour.  Pharm.l 
November,  1901.  J 
Fniit  of  Cocos  Nucifera, 
553 
outer  testa  are  present  in  cocoanut  shell  powder,  but  the  stone  cells 
of  the  endocarp  make  up  the  bulk  of  the  material.  {Fig.  ir,  st). 
These  cells  are  characterized  by  their  porous,  brown-yellow  cell 
walls,  their  dark  brown  contents  which  become  a  reddish  brown  on 
treatment  with  potassium  hydrate  solution,  and  the  predominance 
of  peculiar  elongated  forms.  They  differ  in  one  or  more  of  these 
characteristics  from  the  stone  cells  of  pepper,  allspice,  clove  stems, 
walnut  shells,  almond  shells,  Brazil-nut  shells,  hazel-nut  shells, 
peach  stones  and  olive  stones. 
The  outer  testa,  or  lining  of  the  shell,  also  forms  a  considerable 
part  of  the  powder,  the  most  striking  elements  being  the  thick- 
walled,  porous  cells  (p)  and  the  vascular  elements. 
Fig.  ii.  Cocoanut  shell  powder,  st,  dark  yellow  stone  cells  with  brown 
contents  ;  t,  reticulated  trachea  ;  sp,  spiral  trachea  ;  g,  pitted  trachea  ;  w, 
colorless  and  br,  brown  parenchyma  of  mesocarp  ;  f,  bast-fibers  with  stegmata 
(ste).    X  "160. 
Colorless  cells  of  the  mesocarp  ground  tissue  (w)  are  not  dis- 
tinguishable from  the  parenchyma  of  many  other  plants,  but  when 
impregnated  with  the  brown  substance  which  has  been  described 
they  are  striking  objects  (br).  Potassium  hydrate  changes  the  color 
of  these  brown  cells  to  a  reddish  brown,  but  ferric  chloride  does 
not  produce  any  immediate  effect,  thus  distinguishing  them  from 
cells  of  allspice  seed,  the  color  of  which  potassium  hydrate  removes 
and  ferric  chloride  changes  at  once  to  a  green. 
Spiral,  reticulated,  and  pitted  tracheae  (sp,  t  and  g\  from  the 
mesocarp,  endocarp  and  testa  bundles,  are  also  frequently  met  with 
