Tour.  Pharm 
May,  t88o. 
Chemical  Notes. 
261 
bium,  in  Isotropis  striata,  Bth.^  etc. — Ztschr.  d,  Allg.  Oest.  Ap.  Ver.^ 
Feb.  20,  1880,  p.  81 
An  Adulteration  of  Powdered  Cloves,  with  a  large  percentage  of 
stems,  a  little  starch,  and  a  fatty  oil,  the  latter  of  which  had  been  added 
by  the  wholesale  dealer  in  order  to  impart  a  darker  color  to  the  powder, 
is  reported  by  E.  Heintz,  who  further  states,  that  the  odor  and  taste  of 
the  cloves  were  as  usual,  that  the  stems  and  starch  were  detected  by 
means  of  a  microscope,  and  that,  when  ihe  cloves  were  treated  with 
carbon  bisulphide,  19  per  cent,  of  a  substance  was  extracted  which  on 
•evaporation  was  found  to  consist  principally  of  fatty  oil. — Pharm. 
Handelsbl.^  Feb.  11,  1880,  p.  6. 
False  Quebracho  Bark  (see  also  Am.  Journ.  Pharm.,"  April, 
1880,  p.  202). — This  bark  is  found  in  the  German  market  in  large 
•quantities,  and  is  described  by  Dr.  J.  Biel,  as  follows  :  It  consists  of 
pieces  of  different  length,  J  to  2  inches  in  width,  2  to  5  millimeters  in 
thickness,  usually  rolled,  and  covered  externally  with  the  yellowish- 
white  periderm  which  exhibits  numerous  deep  longitudinal  furrows  and 
faint  transverse  fissures  ;  internally  the  bark  is  dark  brown.  The 
fracture  appears  in  the  outer  bark  granular,  and  in  the  inner  bark  long- 
iibrous  ;  the  taste  is  bitter,  but  not  aromatic.  The  outer  bark  consists 
of  numerous  regular  layers  of  tabular  leathery  cork  cells,  covering  an 
equally  thick  spongy  cork  layer,  composed  of  tangentialiy  stretched 
wide  and  thin-walled  cells.  A  light,  continuous  circle  of  stone  cells,' 
with  strongly  thickened  walls,  forms  the  inner  limit  of  this  layer,  and 
can  he  seen  with  the  naked  eye.  The  middle  bark  consists  of  paren- 
chyma cells,  filled  partially  with  a  dark  brown  substance,  and  besides 
contains  scattered  groups  of  10  to  20  stone  cells  and  scattered  bast-cell 
bundles,  which  are  more  numerous  towards  the  inner  layer,  and  finally 
form  the  inner  bark,  consisting  almost  entirely  of  these  bast-cells,  and 
of  narrow,  radially  placed  medullary  rays,  containing  a  dark  substance. — 
Pharm.  Ztg.^  Feb.  25,  1880,  p.  118. 
CHEMICAL  NOTES. 
By  Prof.  Samuel  P.  Sadtler, 
Inorganic  Chemistry. —  On  the  Artificial  Formation  of  the  Diamond. 
— J.  B.  Hannay,  in  the  course  of  an  elaborate  investigation  made  jointly 
with  J.  Hogarth,  on  the  solubility  of  solids  in  gases,  has  succeeded  in 
obtaining  carbon  crystallized  in  the  form  of  the  diamond.     He  noticed 
