Calisaya  Ledgeriana.  309 
was  gathered,  according  to  Manuel,  from  about  fifty  trees,  chiefly  of 
the  Rojo  sort.  These  different  forms  of  the  best  calisaya  are  distin- 
guished by  the  carcarilleros  by  the  color  of  the  leaves  ;  and  Ledger 
chinks  my  plate  of  the  Calisaya  anglica  resembles  in  the  color  of  the 
leaf  that  of  the  Rojo.  Elsewhere  he  gives  me,  as  descriptive  of  the 
same,  that  of  sangre  de  toro^  or  bull's  blood.  The  variation  in  the 
color  ansd  form  of  the  leaves  does  not  seem  to  have  any  connection 
with  th€  value  of  the  bark. 
I  have  said  that  Dr.  Weddell  published  the  Zamba  or  Zambita  sort 
as  the  var.  microcarpa^  but  not  having  seen  the  flowers,  his  description 
Heaves  much  to  be  desired.  The  Calisaya  Ledgeriana  of  Java  is,  as  I 
have  shown,  the  legitimate  produce  of  the  seed  of  the  fifty  trees  above 
mentioned.  I  should  think  that  no  botanist  has  been  within  some  hun- 
<lred  miles  of  the  almost  inaccessible  banks  of  the  Mamore,  where 
these  were  met  with,  or  of  the  Beni,  where  Pedro  Rada  collected 
from  trees  (as  he  told  me),  from  120  to  150  feet  in  height,  some  of 
the  finest  calisaya  bark  ever  brought  into  the  English  market  ;  convey- 
ing his  precious  cargo  by  the  long  and  perilous  navigation  of  the  Rio 
Madeira,  as  I  described  in  Seemann's  "Journal  of  Botany"  in  1869. 
This  sort  was  called  Morada ;  and  if  the  colored  drawing  given  there  is 
compared  with  my  plate  V  in  "  Quinology  of  the  East  Indian  Planta- 
tions," it  will  be  found  closely  to  resemble. 
We  have  then  no  means  of  further  botanical  description,  except 
from  Java  ;  and  from  thence  I  have  been  supplied  with  forty-four  excel- 
lent specimens,  comprising  all  the  barks  cultivated.  These  I  fully 
^described  in  the  work  above  named,  and  from  these  published  the  first 
description  of  the  sort  as  "  Cinchona  calisaya^  var.  Ledgeriana^  How." 
The  Ledgeriana  has  a  peculiar  character,  to  be  recognized  in  the  seed- 
lings at  a  very  early  stage,  but  variable  as  to  form  and  color  in  the 
after-growth.  It  must  be  admitted  that  the  most  striking  characteristic 
of  the  Ledgeriana  is  the  bark,  which  is  at  once  recognizable  by  a  per- 
son familiar  with  these  observations  ;  but  scarcely  capable  of  being  made 
the  basis  of  botanical  definition.  The  flowers  are  also  described  as 
small,  white  and  "  nutantes  but  I  am  not  certain  that  this  is  capable 
of  being  asserted  without  some  slight  modification.  I  hope  to  succeed 
in  flowering  my  own  specimens,  which  I  would  then  describe  more 
perfectly.  On  the  whole  I  have  found  it  best  to  present  to  the  reader 
of  my  book  three  forms  of  the  plants,  relatively  (according  to  the  anal- 
ysis of  the  flower)  the  male ^  female  and  neuter  forms — that  is  those  in 
