Am   four.  Pharm 
Nov.,  1880 
Varieties. 
Sll 
many  years,  and  I  believe  the  greatest  quantities  of  Chian  turpentine 
sold  as  such  in  England  were  mere  falsifications  or  another  kind  substi- 
tuted for  it.  Chio  may  possess  about  lOOO  turpentine  trees,  some  ex- 
ceedingly old — up  to  eight  hundred  or  nine  hundred  years — and  vary- 
ing from  J  yard  to  10  and  12  yards  in  circumference.  These  trees 
when  well  cultivated  may  give  from  2  to  3  kilograms  of  turpentine  (a 
year .?). 
"  The  turpentine  is  collected  by  incisions  made  in  the  trunk  of  the 
tree  about  April,  which  are  renewed  every  year. 
"  The  fruit  of  this  tree  when  ripe  is  collected  and  pressed  in  the  same 
way  as  the  olives  ;  it  gives  a  magnificent  oil,  very  much  liked  by  the 
inhabitants  and  often  employed  instead  of  butter.  As  soon  as  the  fruit 
begins  to  get  ripe  the  flow  of  the  turpentine  ceases.  This  happens 
about  tht  middle  of  August. 
"  This  year  the  inhabitants  have  been  surprised  to  receive  orders  for 
the  collection  of  furoentine,  as  it  has  been  asked  for  in  England  and 
bought  at  the  rate  of  6s.  the  oke  (or  1600  grams).  The  island  has  not 
produced  over  700  or  800  kilograms  this  year,  as  many  have  not  been 
informed  in  time  to  incise  the  tree.  Owing  to  its  cheapness  the  pos- 
sessors of  these  trees  do  not  give  themselves  too  much  trouble  in  col- 
lecting it  clear,  and  they  let  it  flow  on  the  sand,  which  is  taken  with  it. 
We  have  not  the  means  to  get  it  cleared  and  are  obliged  to  send  it  as 
it  is  collected.'' 
Th,e  above  is  dated,  ''Chio,  i8th  September,  1880." — Pharm.  Jour^ 
and  Trans. Oct.  2,  1880. 
VARIETIES. 
Tonic  Glycerin, — Dr.  Larmaude  finds  the  following  an  excellent  substitute  for 
codliver  oil  with  patients  who  cannot  take  that  remedy:  Pure  glycerin,  300  grams  ^ 
tincture  of  iodine,  30  drops  ;  iodide  of  potassium,  30  centigrams.  A  tablespoonful 
a  quarter  of  an  hour  before  each  meal.  The  appetite  soon  returns,  and  constipa- 
tion, when  present,  soon  disappears.  For  children  and  delicate  persons,  he  employs 
50  grams  of  syrup  of  raspb-rry  and  250  of  glycerin.— /?^-x;.  MU.y  April  3,  from 
Med.  Times  and  Gaz.,  April  24,  1880. 
An  Improved  Nitrate  of  Silver  Caustic.— A  writer  in  the  "  Medical  Times 
and  Gazette,"  Dr.  Sawostizki,  has  called  the  attention  of  the  Moscow  Surgical 
Society  to  an  improvement  in  the  preparation  of  sticks  of  nitrate  of  silver.    It  con- 
37 
