VARIETIES. 
175 
that  no  kind  of  coating  can  be  discovered  which  will  resist  the 
constant  friction  of  water,  as  is  the  case  with  iron  steamers. 
They  have  also  succeeded  in  producing  two  new  alloys,  composed 
of  iron,  combined  with  that  most  valuable  and  extraordinary 
metal,  aluminium,  lately  obtained  by  M,  St.  Claire  Deville. 
These  two  alloys  are  composed  as  follows  :  1st.  1  equivalent  of 
aluminium  ;  5  ditto  of  iron.  2d.  2  equivalents  of  aluminium  ;  3 
ditto  of  iron.  The  last  alloy  presents  the  useful  property  of  not 
oxidizing  when  exposed  to  a  damp  atmosphere,  although  it  con- 
tains 75  per  cent,  of  iron  Ibid. 
b  a  i :  i  1 1  i  t  b  , 
On  Perfumenj,    By  Septimus  Piesse. 
(Continued  from  page  86.) 
Pomades  and  Oils. 
The  name  of  pomatum  is  derived  from  pomum,  an  apple,  because  it  was 
originally  made  by  macerating  over-ripe  apples  in  grease. 
If  an  apple  be  stuck  all  over  with  spice,  such  as  cloves,  then  exposed  to 
the  air  for  twenty-four  hours  or  more,  and  afterwards  macerated  in  purified 
melted  lard,  or  any  other  fatty  matter,  the  grease  will  become  perfumed. 
Repeating  the  operation  with  the  same  grease  several  times  produces  real 
"  pomatum." 
According  to  a  recipe  published  more  than  a  century  ago  the  form  given 
is : — "  Kid's  grease,  an  orange  sliced,  pippins,  a  glass  of  rose-water,  and 
half  a  glass  of  white  wine,  boiled  and  strained,  and  at  last  sprinkled  with 
oil  of  sweet  almonds."  The  author,  Dr.  Quincy,  observes  that  "  the  apple 
is  of  no  significance  at  all  in  the  recipe,"  and,  like  many  authors  of  the 
present  day,  concludes  that  the  reader  is  as  well  acquainted  with  the  sub- 
ject as  the  writer,  and  therefore  considers  that  the  weights  or  bulk  of  the 
materials  in  his  recipe  are,  likewise,  of  no  significance.  Unguent,  pomatum, 
ointment,  are  synonymous  titles  for  medicated  and  perfumed  greases,  ac- 
cording to  the  ancient  writers.  Among  biblical  interpreters,  the  significant 
word  is  mostly  rendered  '(  ointment ;"  thus  we  have  in  Prov.  xxvii.  9, 
"Ointment  and  perfume  rejoice  the  heart;"  in  Eccles.  ix.  8,  "Let  thy  head 
lack  no  ointment." 
Perfumers,  acting  upon  their  own  or  Dr.  Quincy's  advice,  pay  no  regard 
to  the  apples  in  the  preparation  of  pomatum,  but  make  it  by  perfuming 
