268  VARIETIES. 
thyself  fair."  (Jer.  iv.  30).  See  also  Lane's  Modem  Egyptian,  vol.  i.  p. 
31,  et  seq, 
A  singular  custom  is  observable  both  among  Moorish  and  Arab  females — 
that  of  ornamenting  the  face  between  the  eyes  with  clusters  of  bluish  spots 
or  other  small  devices,  and  which,  being  stained,  become  permanent.  The 
chin  is  also  spotted  in  a  similar  manner,  and  a  narrow  blue  line  extends 
from  the  point  of  it,  and  is  continued  down  the  throat.  The  eyelashes, 
eyebrows,  and  also  the  tips  and  extremities  of  the  eyelids,  are  colored  black. 
The  soles,  and  sometimes  other  parts  of  the  feet,  as  high  as  the  ancles,  the 
palms  of  the  hands,  and  the  nails,  are  died  with  a  yellowish  red  with  the 
leaves  of  a  plant  called  Henna  [moniinidos),  the  leaf  of  which  somewhat 
resembles  the  myrtle,  and  is  dried  for  the  purposes  above  mentioned.  The 
baok  of  the  hand  is  often  colored  and  ornamented  in  this  way  with  different 
devices.  On  holidays  they  paint  their  cheeks  of  a  red  brick  color,  a  nar- 
row red  line  being  also  drawn  down  the  temples. 
In  Greece,  "for  coloring  the  lashes  and  sockets  of  the  eye  they  throw 
incense  or  gum  labdanum  on  some  coals  of  fire,  intercept  the  smoke  which 
ascends  with  a  plate,  and  collect  the  soot.  This  I  saw  applied.  A  girl, 
sitting  cross-legged  as  usual  on  a  sofa,  and  closing  one  of  her  eyes,  took  the 
two  lashes  between  her  fore-finger  and  thumb  of  her  left  hand,  pulled  them 
forward,  and  then,  thrusting  in  at  the  external  corner  a  sort  of  bodkin  or 
probe  which  had  been  immersed  in  the  soot  and  withdrawing  it,  the  parti- 
cles previously  adhering  to  the  probe  remained  within  the  eyelashes." — 
Chandler's  Travels  in  Greece. 
Dr.  Shaw  states  that  among  curiosities  that  were  taken  out  of  the  tombs 
at  Sahara  relating  to  Egyptian  wonicn,  he  saw  a  joint  of  the  common  reeds, 
which  contained  one  of  these  bodkins,  and  an  ounce  or  more  of  this  pow- 
der. 
In  England  the  same  practice  is  adopted  by  many  persons  that  have 
grey  hair  ;  but  instead  of  using  the  black  material  in  the  form  of  a  pow- 
der, it  is  employed  as  a  crayon,  the  color  being  mixed  with  a  greasy  body, 
such  as  the  brown  and  black  stick  pomatums,  described  in  the  previous  ar- 
ticle. 
Turkish  Hair  Dye. 
In  Constantinople  there  are  some  persons  who  devote  themselves  to  the 
preparation  of  cosmetics,  and  acquire  much  money  thereby.  In  particular 
there  are  some  Armenians  who  are  well  acquainted  with  the  business,  and 
obtain  large  sums  of  money  from  those  desirous  of  learning  this  art. 
Amongst  these  cosmetics  is  a  black  dye  for  the  hair,  which,  according  to 
Landerer,  is  prepared  in  the  following  manner : 
Finely-pulverized  galls  are  kneaded  with  a  little  oil  in  a  paste,  which  is 
roasted  in  an  iron  pan  until  the  oil  vapors  cease  to  evolve,  upon  which  the 
residue  is  triturated  with  water  into  a  paste,  and  heated  again  to  dryness. 
At  the  same  time  a  metallic  mixture,  which  'is  brought  from  Egypt  to  the 
commercial  marts  of  the  East,  and  which  is  termed  in  Turkish  JRastilcope- 
