356     SULPHURET  OF  CARBON  FOR  INDUSTRIAL  PURPOSES. 
to  which  putrefaction  has  gone,  more  or  less  succinic  acid,  or  of 
the  other  products,  is  obtained  by  its  action  upon  malate  of  lime. 
— Chem.  Graz.,  March  15,  from  Arcliiv  der  Pharm.y  cxxxiv.  p. 
257. 
ON  THE  EMPLOYMENT  OF  SULPHURET  OF  CARBON  FOR 
INDUSTRIAL  PURPOSES. 
By  E.  Deiss. 
The  author  commences  by  stating,  that  in  1840,  the  price  of 
sulphuret  of  carbon  was  as  high  as  from  50  to  60  francs  the  kilo- 
gramme, but  that  soon  afterwards  he  reduced  its  price  so  greatly 
that  in  1848  he  sold  it  at  8  francs  the  kilogramme,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  vulcanizing  india-rubber.  At  present,  with  an  apparatus 
composed  of  three  retorts,  he  is  able  to  manufacture  the  immense 
quantity  of  500  kilogrammes  of  sulphuret  of  carbon  in  twenty- 
four  hours  ;  although  scarcely  a  year  ago,  with  the  same  furnace, 
the  same  retorts,  and  the  same  amount  of  fuel,  he  could  only 
produce  150  kilogrms.  in  the  same  time.  The  product  now  costs 
him  only  50  centimes  the  kilogramme,  and  he  has  no  doubt  that, 
by  operating  on  a  larger  scale,  it  might  soon  be  sold  at  40  francs 
per  100  kilogrms.  As,  however,  this  substance  has  at  present 
only  a  very  limited  employment  in  the  vulcanization  of  india- 
rubber,  the  author  having  a  large  quantity  on  his  hands,  natural- 
ly desired  to  find  some  other  purpose  to  which  it  might  be  applied  ; 
and  considers  that  he  has  discovered  one  of  the  greatest  import- 
ance, namely,  the  extraction  of  fatty  matters. 
He  states  that  Paris  daily  produces  30,000  kilogrms.  of  bones, 
which  are  collected  by  the  chiffoniers,  and  carried  to  the  manu- 
factories of  ivory-black  and  gelatine.  Here  they  are  sorted, 
some  being  devoted  to  the  production  of  ivory-black,  others  of 
gelatine,  whilst  some  are  sold  to  the  workers  in  bone.  The  greater 
part  of  them  (25,000  kilogrms.  daily]  are  employed  in  the 
manufacture  of  ivory-black  ;  but  these  undergo  a  preliminary 
treatment  for  the  extraction  of  their  fatty  matter.  The  bones 
are  broken  and  boiled  with  water  for  about  three  hours  in  large 
cauldrons ;  the  fat  floats  on  the  surface  and  is  skimmed  off ;  the 
bones  are  taken  and  thrown  into  a  heap,  to  undergo  a  kind  of 
