492 
PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 
that,  unless  through  books,  their  pupils  know  very  little  of  manipulation 
except  that  learned  at  the  counter  or  the  mortar  stand.  Hence  the  advan- 
tage of  such  works  as  Mohr  and  Redwood's  Practical  Pharmacy,  which  enter 
minutely  into  a  description  and  figuration  of  apparatus,  describing  the 
difficulties  that  arise  in  using  them,  and  the  means  of  combating  and  over- 
coming these.  Of  works  on  pharmaceutical  manipulation,  strictly  speaking, 
the  one  alluded  to  is  the  best,  as  it  is  in  fact  the  only  one  yet  published  in 
English,  with  the  exception  of  a  small  book  by  Dr.  Kane,  of  Dublin,  many 
years  ago.  To  these  must  be  added  the  volume  recently  published  by 
Edward  Parrish  of  Philadelphia,  on  Practical  Pharmacy,  which  is  addressed 
both  to  the  physician  and  apothecary,  and  enters  to  some  extent  into  the 
manipulations  of  the  laboratory,  but  chiefly  treats  of  the  processes  con- 
ducted in  the  shop,  and  particularly  those  required  in  extemporaneous 
pharmacy.  There  is  so  much  that  is  useful  to  the  young  pharmaceutist  in 
this  book,  and  so  many  valuable  hints  to  those  in  business,  that  it  should 
find  a  place  in  every  shop  library. 
The  study  of  chemistry  is  the  most  important  as  it  is  the  most  difficult  of 
all  the  collateral  branches  of  a  pharmaceutist's  education  ;  the  one  that 
gives  him  the  most  power  when  applied  in  his  professional  pursuits,  and 
the  most  reputation  among  the  scientific.  Chemistry  is  indeed  the  ground- 
work of  every  important  process,  and  none  can  expect  to  excel  who  do  not 
make  it  their  study.  The  student  of  chemistry  should,  as  early  as  practi- 
cable, get  a  mental  outline  grasp  (if  we  may  so  speak)  of  the  leading  prin- 
ciples of  the  science,  to  do  which  it  is  necessary  to  select  a  text-book  that 
presents  the  subject  in  a  form  so  compact  that  the  mind  can  take  it  in  with 
a  reasonable  effort.  "  Fownes'  Chemistry  for  Students"  will  meet  this  de- 
mand better  than  larger  works,  yet  the  treatises  of  Grahame,  Kane  and 
Turner  may  be  employed  when  more  convenient  of  access.  Of  course  these 
remarks  apply  to  the  early  career  of  the  student ;  as  he  progresses,  the  more 
extended  works  will  naturally  attract  attention.  The  study  of  analytical 
and  applied  chemistry  must  always  follow,  if  pursued  at  all,  the  elemen- 
tary studies  above  referred  to,  and  embrace  a  practical  knowledge  of  chemi- 
cal manipulation.  But  very  few  apothecaries  have  the  time  or  qualifica- 
tions to  become  eminent  practical  chemists,  and  yet  almost  every  one  may 
become  sufficiently  familiar  with  the  outlines  of  analysis  to  detect  adultera- 
tions, and  with  applied  chemistry  to  make  many  of  the  nicer  chemicals  of 
the  shop.  We  would  recommend  the  little  work  called  "  Bowman's  Practi- 
cal Chemistry"  to  the  young  apothecary  who  desires  aid  in  analysis,  and 
to  the  more  advanced,  the  work  of  Heinrich  Will,  called  "  Outlines  of  Chemi- 
cal Analysis,"  translated  by  Drs.  Breed  and  Steiner.  The  apothecary  with 
predilections  for  practical  chemistry,  will  do  well  to  read  carefully 
"  Faraday's  Chemical  Manipulations,"  or  "  Morfit's  Chemical  and  Pharma- 
ceutical Manipulations."  The  latter  work  is  most  accessible,  and  is  well 
illustrated. 
Botany,  as  a  distinct  study,  is  rarely  pursued  by  the  American  pharma- 
