256  Analysis  of  True  and  Commercial  Pareira\^m-^™-J^m' 
ether  and  the  percolate  evaporated  to  dryness  in  a  current  of  air, 
yielded  a  large  residue  of  a  dark  color  which  had  two  or  three 
small,  roughly  defined  crystals  scattered  through  it.  This  residue 
had  a  melting  point  of  470  C.  It  was  then  treated  with  absolute 
alcohol,  the  solution  yielding  on  evaporation  a  dark  amorphous  fat, 
which  floated  on  the  surface,  and  a  number  of  crystals  like  small 
cauliflower  heads  which  formed  at  the  bottom  of  the  vessel.  These 
crystals  were  recrystallized  several  times,  the  melting-point  then 
taken,  and  a  weighed  quantity  of  both  the  crystals  and  the  fat 
neutralized  by  a  centi-normal  soda  solution.  From  this  it  was 
found  that  the  total  residue,  which  amounted  to  8-67  per  cent.,  con- 
sisted of  seven-eighths  of  free  fatty  acid,  mainly  stearic,  the  remain- 
ing eighth  being  a  neutral  liquid  oil,  which  was  obtained  in  too 
small  a  quantity  for  further  examination. 
The  percolate  from  the  substitute  was  of  a  light  yellow  color  and 
after  evaporation  left  a  much  smaller  residue,  amounting  to  0-28  per 
cent.  This  residue  was  acid  to  litmus,  but  being  in  too  small  a 
quantity  to  determine  the  fatty  acid  present,  we  assumed  it  to  be 
near  that  of  palmitic ;  if  that  assumption  be  correct,  then  half  the 
residue  estimated  volumetrically  would  be  fatty  acid. 
The  marc  left  from  the  two  previous  percolations  was  then  dried 
at  the  ordinary  temperature,  exhausted  with  ether  and  the  percolate 
evaporated  to  dryness. 
Practically  nothing  resulted  from  this  treatment  in  the  case  of  , 
chondodendron ;  but  the  false  drug  gave  a  residue  to  which  a  trace 
of  volatile  oil  probably  adhered,  as  evidenced  by  a  strong,  peculiar 
odor. 
This  residue,  which  occurred  to  the  extent  of  o  24  per  cent ,  was 
insoluble  in  water  and  dilute  sulphuric  acid,  did  not  answer  the  tests 
for  gallic  and  tannic  acids  and  gave  no  precipitate  with  Mayer's 
reagent.  It  was  tasteless,  melted  on  the  application  of  heat  and 
dissolved  in  solution  of  caustic  potash  with  the  production  of  a  dark 
color.  Being  acid  to  litmus  and  freely  soluble  in  absolute  alcohol, 
it  was  considered  to  be  an  acid  resin. 
The  residues  left  from  the  previous  ether  percolations  were  dried 
and  exhausted  with  absolute  alcohol,  the  percolates  measured  and  a 
known  quantity  evaporated  to  dryness,  then  incinerated  and  the  ash 
deducted.  This  gave  the  total  amount  of  organic  solids  present, 
soluble  in  absolute  alcohol. 
