Amjime?iS2arra"}  Chimaphila  Umbellata.  299 
upon  them.  Concentrated  sulphuric  acid  gave  a  red  color  which 
changed  to  yellow  with  nitric  acid.  Nitric  acid  dissolved  them, 
giving  a  yellow  solution.  Boiling  caused  no  change  in  this  solution, 
but  upon  the  addition  of  water  the  chimaphilin  was  precipitated  to 
all  appearances  unaltered. 
Alcoholic  solution  of  potassium  hydrate  gave  a  brown-green 
color.  Aqueous  solution  of  the  same  was  without  effect.  These 
properties  agree  in  general  with  those  described  by  Beshore. 
The  crystals  were  free  from  nitrogen. 
The  substance  was  submitted  to  combustion,  with  the  following 
result : 
Calculated  for 
1. 
II. 
Average. 
(Co4H2l04)x 
77 '43 
77-36 
77-21 
H,  
  5-63 
5-65 
5-64 
5-63 
0,  
  iyoS 
16-92 
I7'00 
17-16 
IOO'OO 
IOO'OO 
IOO 'OO 
IOO 'OO 
Other  Crystalline  Substances. — A  quantity  of  the  ground  mixed 
stems  and  roots  and  of  separated  leaves  of  Chimaphila  umbellata  was 
percolated  with  petroleum  ether  until  practically  exhausted.  The 
last  portions  of  the  solvent  removed  from  both  materials  consider- 
able of  a  scaly,  glistening  finely  crystalline  substance,  nearly  white 
but  for  a  small  amount  of  chlorophyll.  This  was  collected  sep- 
arately as  far  as  possible. 
The  solvent  was  recovered,  and  the  extracts  treated  with  boiling 
alcohol.  The  resulting  solutions  were  filtered  through  animal 
charcoal,  which  removed  the  chlorophyll  and  thereby  produced  red 
liquids. 
In  the  case  of  the  stems  and  roots  this  liquid  was  distilled  and 
cooled  alternately,  by  which  means  considerable  white  granular 
substance  was  separated.  This  was  recrystallized  from  chloroform 
and  consisted  mainly  of  fatty  substance  and  some  crystalline  waxy 
material.  No  crystals  having  separated,  the  liquid  from  which  this 
granular  substance  deposited  was  distilled  to  a  low  bulk,  but  still 
no  crystallization  occurred.  When  the  alcohol  had  completely 
evaporated,  there  remained  a  thick  amber-colored,  fatty  residue 
which  readily  mixed  with  alcohol. 
The  red  liquid  which  contained  the  constituents  of  the  leaves 
removed  by  petroleum  ether  was  distilled  to  a  small  bulk,  and 
upon  cooling  it  separated  a  nearly  solid  mass  of  crystals  and  other 
