300  Chimaphila  Umbellata.  {Am/u0nUer;Sarm- 
substance.  The  mass  was  treated  with  hot  alcohol  which  separated 
a  quantity  of  substance  not  very  readily  soluble  in  that  liquid. 
This  substance  was  collected  and  will  be  mentioned  below.  The 
alcoholic  solution  of  the  crystals,  which  were  mixed  with  the  last- 
mentioned  substance,  was  distilled  to  a  low  bulk,  when  a  semi- 
solid residue  of  amber  color  resulted  upon  cooling.  This  residue 
was  treated  with  cold  alcohol,  whereby  a  large  amount  of  it  was 
separated  as  a  white,  waxy  substance.  The  cold  alcoholic  solution 
of  the  remainder  of  the  residue,  when  distilled  to  a  small  amount, 
did  not  crystallize.  The  residue,  upon  evaporation,  resembled  the 
last  preceding  one,  and  was  treated  in  the  same  manner  with  cold 
alcohol,  by  which  means  more  of  the  waxy  substance  was  excluded. 
This  procedure  was  repeated  until  no  more  separation  could  be 
made,  as  the  whole  residue  mixed  with  alcohol,  as  did  the  cor- 
responding residue  from  the  stems  and  roots. 
The  concentrated  alcoholic  solution  of  it  did  not  crystallize,  but 
when  the  solvent  had  entirely  evaporated  and  after  standing  for 
about  a  week,  crystallization  took  place  in  the  fatty  residue.  The 
crystals  had  the  appearance  of  chimaphilin,  but  could  not  be 
separated  from  the  residue. 
That  portion  of  the  first  mass  of  crystals  obtained  from  the  red 
liquid,  which  was  insoluble  in  hot  alcohol,  was  washed  with  that 
solvent  to  remove  color,  and  then  recrystallized  from  chloroform. 
After  this  treatment  they  were  readily  crystallized  from  hot 
alcohol  sp.  gr.  -820;  from  which  solvent  they  were  obtained  white 
and  arranged  in  radiate  and  stellate  groups  which  interlaced.  This 
substance  was  also  obtained  from  the  stems  and  roots  by  extracting 
the  animal  charcoal,  used  to  decolorize  the  alcoholic  solution  cf  the 
petroleum  ether  extract,  with  boiling  chloroform,  which  when 
distilled  off  left  the  crystals  in  white  matted  masses. 
The  white  waxy  substance,  separated  by  treating  the  amber- 
colored  semi-solid  mentioned  above  with  cold  alcohol,  was  washed 
with  the  same,  in  which  it  was  quite  soluble.  It  was  subsequently 
recrystallized  from  small  volumes  of  that  solvent  boiling  hot.  By 
this  treatment  the  substance  was  obtained  in  white  needles  radiately 
arranged  in  tufted  masses,  but  mixed  with  a  small  amount  of  the 
interlaced  substance  mentioned  above,  it  having  crystallized  from 
the  mother  liquor  of  the  tufted  crystals,  and  from  which  it  was 
found  quite  tedious  to  separate  it. 
