Am.  Jour.  Pliarm. 
June,  1S92. 
Chimaphila  Umbel  lata. 
301 
The  scaly,  glistening  crystals,  mentioned  as  having  been  extracted 
from  both  the  mixture  of  stems  and  roots  and  from  the  leaves  by 
the  last  portions  of  petroleum  ether,  were  treated  with  alcohol  to 
remove  chlorophyll  and  afterward  washed  with  cold  chloroform 
which  gave  them  nearly  white.  They  were  then  recrystallized 
from  the  same  solvent  heated  to  boiling,  from  which  they  were 
obtained  entirely  white.  Alcohol  dissolved  considerable  of  them, 
owing,  no  doubt,  to  the  presence  of  the  chlorophyll,  for  when 
further  purified  they  were  found  to  be  almost  insoluble  in  it. 
Like  chimaphilin,  the  three  crystalline  substances  enumerated 
above  contain  no  elements  other  than  carbon,  hydrogen  and 
oxygen. 
Matted  Crystals. — These  were  white  needles  having  a  satiny 
appearance  due  to  the  radiate  arrangement  in  which  they  crystal- 
lized. They  melted  at  I53°C.  When  heated  on  platinum  foil  they 
fused  and  then  passed  off  in  white  clouds.  They  were  nearly  odor- 
less  and  tasteless,  insoluble  in  water,  soluble  in  alcohol,  chloroform, 
glacial  acetic  acid,  benzol,  benzin  and  ether.  Alcoholic  solution 
of  ferric  chloride  caused  no  change  in  color.  Concentrated  sul- 
phuric acid  alone  gave  a  red  color,  and  with  potassium  bichromate 
a  purple  color  which  changed  to  green.  Cold  nitric  acid  seemed  to 
have  no  effect,  but  hot  acid  caused  nitration  or  oxidation  (indicated 
by  the  evolution  of  red  fumes),  the  product  of  the  change  being 
precipitated  by  water. 
Tufted  Crystals. — White  needles  radiately  arranged  in  tufted 
masses.  They  melted  at  166- 1 670  C,  but  owing  to  admixture 
with  matted  crystals  showed  signs  of  melting  at  1600  C.  They  were 
odorless  and  tasteless,  insoluble  in  water,  soluble  in  alcohol,  chloro- 
form, benzin,  benzol,  ether  and  glacial  acetic  acid.  Concentrated 
sulphuric  acid  gave  a  red  color  which  was  destroyed  by  water. 
Cold  nitric  acid  was  without  effect,  but  like  the  crystals  just  pre- 
ceding, they  were  changed  by  hot  nitric  acid  into  a  substance 
precipitable  by  water.  The  crystals  absorbed  bromine.  Ferric 
chloride  caused  no  change.  Alcoholic  solution  of  potassium  hydrate 
brought' about  no  change  in  color.  They  reacted  like  the  preced- 
ing crystals,  with  sulphuric  ucid  and  potassium  bichromate. 
Glistening  Crystals. — They  are  obtained,  as  is  described  above 
by  recrystallization  from  boiling  chloroform.  The  crystals  were 
compacted  together  to  form  crusts.   They  did  not  melt  at  2500  C, 
