382  Pharmaceutical  Colleges  and  Associations.  {Am  jSy^Si.arU1' 
ammoniacum.     Liquid  Persian  galbanum  is  derived  from  an  undescribed 
species  of  Ferula. 
The  ordinary  galbanum  of  European  commerce  is  the  Levant  resin.  Oil,  dis- 
tilled from  the  gum,  is  an  excellent  substitute  for  copaiba. 
F.  rubicaulis,  Boiss.,  does  not  yield  galbanum,  but  a  gum  resin  of  alliaceous 
odor. 
F.  communis,  Lin.,  plentiful  in  Algeria,  near  the  Morocco  frontier,  yields 
voluminous  tears  of  a  gum  resin  much  resembling  ammoniacum. 
F.  Persica  and  F.  Szowitziana,  DeC,  are  said  to  yield  the  medicinal  gum 
resinous  exudation  known  as  Sagapenum.  It  is  called  "  Sagbineosch "  in 
Persian,  from  which  the  common  name  is  derived.  It  is  met  with  in  the  form 
of  yellow,  brown  or  reddish,  agglutinated  grains,  of  garlic  odor  intermediate 
between  asafcetida  and  galbanum,  and  of  acrid,  bitter  taste,  softening  with  the 
warmth  of  the  hand.  When  heated  it  evolves  a  peculiar  smell,  partaking  of 
garlic  and  juniper,  which  is  neither  so  powerful  nor  so  disagreeable  as  that  of 
the  fetid  gum. 
The  root  of  the  horseradish,  Cochlearia  Armoracia,  Lin.,  s.  Armoracia  rusti- 
cana,  Fl.Wett.,  s.  A.sativa,  Bernh.,  has  a  pungent  taste  and  smell,  and  contains 
a  volatile  oil  allied  to  mustard.  Although  principally  used  as  a  condiment  with 
meat,  it  is  included  in  the  British  Pharmacopoeia,  and  considered  highly  stimu- 
lant and  diuretic,  exciting  the  stomach  and  promoting  the  secretions,  and  is 
also  antiscorbutic.  A  volatile  oil,  known  as  scurvy  grass  oil,  is  obtained  by 
distillation  from  various  species  of  Cochlearia,  as  C.  officinalis,  C.  danica  and 
C.  anglica.    Density,  0*942. 
PHARMACEUTICAL  COLLEGES  and  ASSOCIATIONS. 
The  Alabama  Pharmaceutical  Association  convened  at  Mobile,  May  10,  in 
eleventh  annual  meeting.  Besides  the  usual  routine  business,  a  discussion 
was  had  on  perfecting  the  pharmacy  law,  and  several  papers  were  read  on 
"  Preliminary  Education,"  "the  National  Formulary,"  and  "the  Metric 
System."  The  next  annual  meeting  will  be  called  at  Blount  Springs  at  a  date 
to  be  announced  hereafter,  the  intention  being  to  adjourn  with  the  view  of 
continuing  the  meeting  in  the  Alabama  building  on  the  Fair  grounds  in 
Chicago.  The  officers  for  the  present  year  are  :  Mosely  F.  Tucker,  Mobile, 
president ;  P.  C.  Candidas,  secretary,  and  E.  P.  Gait,  Selma,  treasurer. 
The  Delaware  Pharmaceutical  Association  met  at  Wilmington,  May  5,  and 
transacted  chiefly  routine  business.  A  paper  on  Yucca  angustifolia  was  read 
by.  E.  Bostick.  N.  B.  Danforth  was  elected  president ;  J.  J.  Gallagher,  treas- 
urer ;  J.  M.  Harvey,  recording  secretary,  and  T.  C.  Taylor,  local  secretary  for 
the  meeting  to  be  held  next  year  at  Wilmington,  May  4. 
The  Florida  State  Pharmaceutical  Association  held  its  sixth  annual  meeting 
at  the  Alcazar  Hotel,  in  St.  Augustine,  April  12,  President  Phillips  in  the 
chair.  The  most  important  business  transacted  was  the  discussion  on  certain 
defects  in  the  pharmacy  law,  which  resulted  in  the  adoption  of  several  amend- 
ments, these  being  referred  to  the  legislative  committee.  H.  C.  Cushman  read 
a  paper  upon  Florida  phosphates,  and  Dr.  Phillips  one  entitled  "The  thread- 
