Amiug.r;i?£!rm"}  Abstracts  from  the  French  Journals.  405 
Fumarine  seems  to  exist  in  the  genera  and  sub-genera  Fumaria, 
Platycapnos,  Sarcocapnos,  Ceratocapnos,  Corydalis  and  Diclytra. 
Resin  oil  in  linseed  oil. — Dr.  Coreil  {Journ.  de  Pharm.  et  de  Chim. 
Febr.  15,  1892)  after  reviewing  the  qualitative  tests  for  resin  oil  in 
linseed  oil  proposes  a  quantitative  test  based  on  saponification  with 
alcoholic  potassium  hydrate  solution.  The  qualitative  tests  men- 
tioned are,  (1)  the  red  and  brown  color  produced  by  fuming 
bichloride  of  tin;  (2)  the  non-saponification  by  alkalies ;  (3)  odor 
and  taste  by  which  5-10  per  cent,  of  resin  oil  could  be  recognized  ; 
(4)  the  brown  and  black  color  produced  by  a  current  of  chlorine. 
The  quantitative  test  which,  however,  only  comes  near  the  truth,  is 
as  follows  :  2  gm.  of  the  oil  are  freed  of  air  by  heating  to  IQ50  C. 
for  five  or  six  hours,  then  heated  on  a  water-bath  with  40  cc.  of  a 
deminormal  alcoholic  solution  of  potassium  hydrate,  the  remaining 
alkali  being  titrated  with  a  deminormal  solution  of  hydrochloric  acid 
in  the  presence  of  phenolphthaleine.  The  number  of  cc.  used  to 
saturate  the  fatty  acids  of  the  oil  is  multiplied  by  0-02805  and  the 
product  divided  by  2  to  obtain  the  quantity  of  potassium  hydrate 
necessary  to  saponify  1  gm.  of  oil.  The  quantity  of  potassium 
hydrate  used  to  saponify  I  gm.  of  linseed  oil  varies  between  201-221 
mg.  (average  211),  for  resin  oil  21-41  mg.  (average  31).  The  final 
calculation  is  based  on  the  fraction, 
100  (211  —  n) 
211  —  31 
n  representing  the  quantity  of  potassium  hydrate  necessary  to 
saponify  1  gm.  of  the  oil. 
Blood  oranges. — A.  Barille,  in  the  meeting  of  May  4th  of  the 
Societe  de  Pharmacie  de  Paris  {Rep.  de  Pharm.,  1 892,  277),  calls  atten- 
tion to  a  sophistication  of  blood  oranges.  The  zest  of  the  samples 
examined  was  artificially  colored  with  Biebrich  scarlet  or  rocceline, 
two  azo  colors  which,  however,  are  non-poisonous. 
Lead  in  commercial  tartartic  and  citric  acids. — Dr.  Buchet 
(V  Union  pharm.,  1892,  203)  found  in  one  kilogramme  of  commercial 
tartaric  acid  from  0-011-0071  gm.  of  metallic  lead,  and  from 
0-017-0-363  gm.  of  lead  salts.  The  method  of  analysis  used  is  as 
follows:  200  gm.  of  tartaric  acid  are  dissolved  in  three 
times  their  weight  of  distilled  water  with  a  slight  excess  of 
ammonia  to  insure  the  solution  of  sulphate  of  lead.    The  solution  is 
