Amiug"'i892arm'}      Constituents  of  Angostura  Bark.  411 
was,  however,  exceptionally  difficult,  since  their  solubilities  are  very 
similar,  and  they  were  obtained  pure  only  by  means  of  (1)  repeated 
fractional  crystallization  from  their  solutions  in  light  petroleum;  (2) 
fractional  crystallization  of  the  respective  sulphates  from  hot 
aqueous  solution. 
The  residual  bark,  after  extraction  with  ether,  was  extracted  with 
60  kilos  of  alcohol,  and  the  alkaloids,  wax  and  oils  separated  from 
each  other  as  from  the  ether  extract.  Ihe  same  four  alkaloids 
were  again  obtained.  The  total  quantity  of  impure  bases  which 
was  thus  separated  amounted  to  595  grams,  or  20  per  cent. 
Galipine,  C20H21NO3,  crystallizes  from  light  petroleum  in  slender, 
lustrous,  soft  needles  which  are  pure  white.  It  melts  at  115-5°.  It 
dissolves  very  readily  in  alcohol,  chloroform,  acetone,  benzene  and 
ether,  but  is  only  sparingly  soluble  in  light  petroleum.  Its  salts 
are  yellow,  and  crystallize  like  the  base.  The  hydrochloride,  C20H2l 
N03,HC1,4H20,  forms  lustrous}  yellow  plates,  very  soluble  in  warm 
water.  The  hydrobromide,  C20H2lNO3,HBr,  crystallizes  in  deep  yel- 
low needles,  and  is  very  soluble  in  water  and  alcohol.  The  hydro- 
gen sulphate,  C20H2lNO3,H2SO4,  forms  lustrous,  yellow  needles.  The 
platinochloride,  (C10H21NO3)2,H2PtCl6,  melts  at  174-175°,  crystal- 
lizes in  very  small,  yellow  needles,  and  is  almost  insoluble  in  alcohol 
and  in  water.  The  aurochloride,  C20H21NO3,HAuCl4,  melts  at 
175-1760,  and  crystallizes  in  very  small  brownish-red  needles.  The 
vietliiodide,  C20H21NO3MeI,  forms  small,  lemon-yellow  needles  which 
melt  at  1460 ;  it  is  soluble  in  alcohol  and  in  hot  water,  insoluble  in 
ether. 
Galipidine,  C19H19N03,  crystallizes  from  light  petroleum  in  very 
light,  silky,  lustrous  plates  which  are  pure  white.  It  is  readily  sol- 
uble in  alcohol,  ether,  benzene,  ethyl  acetate,  and  chloroform,  less 
soluble  in  light  petroleum;  it  melts  at  in°.  The  salts  are  pale 
yellow,  are  readily  soluble  in  hot  water,  and  the  solutions  have  a 
bitter  taste.  The  hydrochloride,  C19H19N03,HC1  -f-  3H20,  forms  pale 
yellow  needles,  soluble  in  warm  water,  but  only  sparingly  soluble 
in  cold  water ;  the  hydrobromide,  C19H]9N03,HBr,  crystallizes  in 
minute,  pale-yellow  needles,  readily  soluble  in  water  and  alcohol ; 
the  aurochloride,  C19H19NOs,H  A.uCl4,  is  precipitated  as  a  mass  of 
minute,  chocolate-brown  needles ;  it  melts  at  1670,  and  is  almost 
insoluble  in  water  and  alcohol ;  the  platinochloride,  (C19H19N03)2, 
H2PtCl6,  separates  as  a  voluminous,  yellow,  crystalline  precipitate, 
