Am-octuy-i8P9§arm-}  Plants  Yielding  Tanning  Materials.  529 
its  bark  and  fruit  contain  tannin.  Its  indigenous  name  is  "  mangle." 
— Combretaceae. 
Catechu. — The  brownish-red  catechu  of  Bengal  is  the  exudation 
from  the  Acacia  Catechu  (Leguminosae).  The  Bombay  brown 
catechu  is  from  the  Aveca  Catechu  (Palmeae) — the  areca  palm. 
Gambier  is  the  extract  from  the  leaves  of  Uncaria  Gambier 
(Rubiaceae).  To  Bengal  catechu  have  been  ascribed  of  tannin  54-5 
per  cent.  (Davy),  38-2  per  cent.  (Renard)  and  48  per  cent.  (Villon). 
To  Bombay  catechu,  48-5  per  cent.  (Davy),  54-5  per  cent.  (Renard) 
and  55  per  cent.  (Villon).  To  gambier,  58  per  cent.  (Davy\  38-40 
per  cent.  (Renard)  and  6579  per  cent.  (Villon).  Catechutannic 
acid  (mimotannic  acid)  colors  iron  salts  green. 
Canaigre  (Rumex  hymenosepalum,  Linn.)  grows  wild  in  the 
marshy  lands  of  the  southeast  of  the  United  States ;  its  bulbs  con- 
tain 20-24  Per  cent,  of  tannin.  Most  other  varieties  of  rumex  also 
contain  tannin. — Polygonaceae. 
Paraguay  acacia  (Curupay),  of  South  America,  contains  16-20 
per  cent,  of  "  curupatannic  acid." — Leguminosae. 
Divi  divi  {Ccesalpmia  Coriarid),  chiefly  from  Mexico  and 
Venezuela,  contains  ellagitannic  acid  to  the  extent  of  30-45  per 
cent.;  it  imparts  a  reddish  brown  color  to  leather. — Leguminosae. 
Eucalyptus  (Eucalyptus  resinifera)  is  used  in  New  Caledonia, 
where  it  grows,  as  a  tanning  agent  ;  the  tannin  in  its  leaves  is  esti- 
mated at  10-12  per  cent. — -Leguminosae. 
Fustic,  young  (Rhus  Cotinus,  Linn.)  grows  in  Southern  Europe, 
and  contains  a  tannin  which  colors  iron  salts  olive  green. — Terebin- 
thaceae. 
Spircea  (S.  Filipendula,  Linn.)  has  astringent  flowers  and  roots. — 
Rosaceae. 
Strazvberry  {Fragaria  vesca,  Linn.). — The  flowers  and  roots  are 
astringent. — Rosaceae. 
Pomegranate  (Punica  Granatum). — The  bark  of  this  tree  was 
used  by  the  ancients  as  a  tanning  agent  under  the  name  "  malico- 
rium  ;"  Davy  attributes  1 8-8  per  cent,  of  tannin  to  it.  The  shell  of 
the  fruit  contains  22-25  Per  cent.  of  tannin,  and  is  used  for  tanning 
in  Japan ;  the  wild  pomegranate  contains  46  per  cent,  of  tannin. — ■ 
Granateae. 
"Gonakie"  (Acacia  Adansonii),  or  red  gum,  yields  very  tanni- 
ferous  fruit,  which  is  used  as  a  tannage  in  West  Africa. — Legu- 
minosae. 
